Identifying Variables
Objects being described by a data set
ex.) people, animals, or inanimate objects
What are individuals?
What is the range?
What is the peak?
Sample in which every individual has an equal chance of being selected
What is simple random sampling?
Some groups in a population are left out purposefully or by accident
ex.) phonebook
What is an undercover bias?
Type of data that can be stored in groups
ex.) names or labels
What are categorical variables?
A numeric value that tells you how closely the values of a data set are clustered around the mean
What is the Standard Deviation (STDV)?
A hole or break in the data
What is a gap?
Sample in which the population is divided into strata and a random sample is taken from each
What is a Stratified Random Sample?
Selected individuals do not respond to a survey
What is a non-response bias?
A type of data that can be stored numerically
ex.) can be counted, measured, or given numerically value
What are quantitative variables?
Extreme values that stand out greatly from the overall pattern of values in a dataset or graph
What are outliers?
The sum of all the numbers divided by the total number of values
What is the mean?
A sample in which the population is divided into clusters
What is a Cluster Sample?
Individuals choose to be in the sample, often people with strong opinions
What is a Voluntary Response Sample Bias?
You can take the average from these variables
What are quantitative variables?
Group of data points that are close together in value
What is a cluster?
The middle value (50th percentile or 50% mark) in a set of numbers (smallest to largest)
What is the median?
A sample chosen based on the ease of access or proximity to the rsearcher
What is a convenience sample?
Response Bias is a systematic pattern of inaccurate answers due to the behavior of the respondent or the interviewer and is also a type of this kind of bias
What is Wording Bias?
Means how specific kind of events that occur within the total number of observations
What is relative frequency or relative counts?
The difference between the third and first quartiles
aka: finding the spread of the middle 50%
What is the Interquartile Range (IQR)?
Collection of data from every individual in the population of a study
What is the census?
A sample in which every nth individual is selected, starting at a random point
What is a systematic sample?
Data is collected from individuals who are easiest to reach, rather than from a randomly seleccted or representative group
What is a Convenience Sample Bias?