Vocabulary 1
A characteristic that all members of a species have
What is a feature?
How something works.
What is function?
An organism can have two different proteins in its cells for a particular feature.
True - A heterozygous organisms has two different gene versions and will make two different proteins.
DNA is located here.
What is in the cell nucleus?
For a particular feature, a father has gene versions T1 and T1. A mother has gene versions T1 and T2.
If the offspring have no mutations, what combinations of gene versions are possible?
T1T1 and T1T2
A specific characteristic of an individual organism.
What is a trait?
The way something is shaped or constructed.
What is structure?
Genes are instructions for making starches.
False - Genes are instruction for making proteins.
Genes are instructions for making this type of molecule.
What is a protein?
For a particular feature, a father has gene versions A3 and A3. A mother has gene versions A1 and A2.
If the offspring have no mutations, what is the probability that an offspring will be homozygous for the feature?
0%
A type of molecule that genes and chromosomes are made of
What is DNA?
Any difference in traits between individual organisms.
What is structure?
A human person can have up to six copies of a gene for each feature.
False - A human can have two copies of a gene for each feature.
This is the longest type of molecule in the human body.
What is DNA?
For a particular feature, a father has gene versions A1 and A1. A mother has gene versions A1 and A3.
If the offspring have no mutations, what is the probability that an offspring will be heterozygous for the feature?
25%
A type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms. It is made up of amino acids.
What is a protein molecule?
Having two gene versions that are the same.
What is homozygous?
A mutation is a random change to a gene that always results in a new trait.
False - A mutation *sometimes results in a new trait.
True or False: Genes are proteins that a located on the chromosomes of organisms.
False - Genes are sections of DNA that are located on the chromosomes of organisms.
Sh’qira reads an article about a family of wildcats. One of them had a mutation for tooth sharpness. Which of these statements about the wildcat with the mutation is true?
A specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule.
What is an allele?
When a male and a female reproductive cell combine to create an offspring. (Begins with the letter "F")
What is fertilize?
It is impossible for an offspring to have a different trait than her either of parents unless she has a mutation.
False
Proteins are made in these parts of the cell.
What are ribosomes?
If all 268 offspring of two parents are all have the same combination of genes for a particular feature, what can we know about their parents' genes?
Both parents are homozygous.