DNA
What is the shape of DNA called?
Double Helix
Every three bases on mRNA is called a _________.
Codon
True or False
Earthworms use the same genetic code as humans.
True
The process where mRNA copies the genetic code from DNA is called __________.
Transcription
What is the name given to an organisms complete set of genetic material, like the one with around 20,000 known genes in human chromosomes?
Genome
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
If the mRNA codon is UAG, then what is its complimentary tRNA anticodon?
AUC
Proteins are made up of long chains of __________.
Amino acids
If the tRNA anticodon is CGC, then what is the amino acid?
Alanine
What term describes the arrangement of the DNA strands that run from 5' to 3' and then 3' to 5'?
antiparallel or lagging
What is the bond called that holds two nitrogenous base pairs together?
Hydrogen
What is the name of the sugar found in RNA?
Ribose
If a frameshift mutation from exposure to radiation caused a segment of RNA to change from AUC to UAG, what would happen to the protein during translation?
It would stop since UAG means to stop
Where does translation take place?
In the cytoplasm/ ribosome
The name of the enzyme responsible for proper reconnection of base pairs
DNA polymerase
What is the process called where DNA makes an exact copy of itself?
Replication
Which nitrogenous base would never be found in RNA?
Thymine
What amino acid would pair up with the beginning DNA bases TAC?
Methionine
What is the bond called that holds two amino acids together?
Peptide bond
What base is responsible for separating the DNA bases?
helicase
During what phase of the cell cycle does DNA make a copy of itself?
S-phase of Interphase
If a sequence of codons on DNA is A-T-G-A-A-C-G-G-T, what is the corresponding strand of mRNA?
U-A-C-U-U-G-C-C-A
If exposure to radiation caused a segment of DNA to change from TTC to TTT, what would happen to the protein during translation?
Nothing would happen
Where does DNA replication take place?
In the nucleus
Name the enzyme responsible for fitting all the DNA into the nucleus.
DNA gyrase