Transcription, Translation, DNA, RNA, and Friends - Part 1

DNA

100

What is the shape of DNA called?

Double Helix

200

What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

300

What is the bond called that holds two nitrogenous base pairs together?

Hydrogen

400

What is the process called where DNA makes an exact copy of itself?

Replication

500

During what phase of the cell cycle does DNA make a copy of itself?

S-phase of Interphase

RNA

100

Every three bases on mRNA is called a _________.

Codon

200

If the mRNA codon is UAG, then what is its complimentary tRNA anticodon?

AUC

300

What is the name of the sugar found in RNA?

Ribose

400

Which nitrogenous base would never be found in RNA?

DNA                    RNA

C-G

A-T

Thymine

500

If a sequence of codons on DNA is A-T-G-A-A-C-G-G-T, what is the corresponding strand of mRNA?

U-A-C-U-U-G-C-C-A

Fun with Genetic Code

100

True or False

Earthworms use the same genetic code as humans.

True

200

Proteins are made up of long chains of __________.

Amino acids

300

If a frameshift mutation from exposure to radiation caused a segment of RNA to change from AUC to UAG, what would happen to the protein during translation?

It would stop

400

What amino acid would pair up with the beginning DNA bases TAC?

Methionine

500

If exposure to radiation caused a segment of DNA to change from TTC to TTT, what would happen to the protein during translation?

Nothing would happen

Transcription & Translation

100

The process where mRNA copies the genetic code from DNA is called __________.

Transcription

200

If the tRNA anticodon is CGC, then what is the amino acid?

Alanine

300

Where does translation take place?

In the cytoplasm at a ribosome

400

What is the bond called that holds two amino acids together?

Peptide bond

500

Where does DNA replication take place?

In the nucleus

Potpourri

100

Name one thing in our bodies that is made of protein.

Skin, muscles, hair, etc.

200

Many chromosome mutations result when chromosomes fail to separate properly during ___________.
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. DNA replication
D. transcription

B. meiosis

300

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to happen as a result of a mutation to a person's skin cells?
A. skin cancer
B. damage to the skin cells
C. the person's offspring having mutated skin
D. no change in the skin cell

C. the person's offspring having mutated skin

400

Which of the following would NOT contain DNA?
A. A dead piece of wood
B. A banana
C. Blood
D. A rock

D. A rock

500

Name three things that could cause DNA mutation?

Ionizing radiation
Carcinogenic chemicals
High heat
Certain viruses