The process where mRNA copies the genetic code from DNA is called __________.
Transcription
100
Name one thing in our bodies that is made of protein.
Skin, muscles, hair, etc.
200
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
200
If the mRNA codon is UAG, then what is its complimentary tRNA anticodon?
AUC
200
Proteins are made up of long chains of __________.
Amino acids
200
If the mRNA codon is CGC, then what is the amino acid?
Arginine
200
After translation, which parts of the mRNA are cut out before it is sent to the cytoplasm for translation? (exons or introns?)
Introns
300
What is the bond called that holds two nitrogenous base pairs together?
Hydrogen
300
What is the name of the sugar found in RNA?
Ribose
300
What type of mutation would result if a mutation from exposure to radiation caused a segment of RNA to change from AUC to UAG,
Nonsense mutation
300
Where does translation take place?
In the cytoplasm at a ribosome
300
Which scientist, who was trying to determine the molecule of heredity, first injected mice with two different strains of bacteria?
Frederick Griffith
400
What is the process called where DNA makes an exact copy of itself?
Replication
400
Which nitrogenous base would never be found in RNA?
Thymine
400
What amino acid would pair up with the beginning DNA bases TAC?
Methionine
400
What is the bond called that holds two amino acids together?
Peptide bond
400
Examine the normal gene below.
A C G T T T G C C A A G
Now examine the same gene, only with an mutation.?
A C G T T G C C A A G
What kind of mutation is this?
Deletion / Frameshift
500
What type of mutations do not cause damage to proteins?
Silent
500
If a sequence of codons on DNA is A-T-G-A-A-C-G-G-T, what is the corresponding strand of mRNA?
U-A-C-U-U-G-C-C-A
500
If exposure to radiation caused a segment of DNA to change from TTC to TTT, what would happen to the protein during translation?
Nothing would happen
500
Where does DNA replication take place?
In the nucleus
500
Name three things that could cause DNA mutation?
Ionizing radiation
Carcinogenic chemicals
High heat
Certain viruses