Rh System
This antigen is the most immunogenic and determines Rh status
What is the D antigen?
This antibody is the most frequently clinically significant encountered in this system
What is anti-K?
The 2 antigens commonly encountered in the lab
What is Fya and Fyb?
This is the class most clinically significant antibodies
What is IgG?
This antigen should be lacking if a patient has anti-Kell
What is Kell antigen?
This testing phase is required to detect many weak D reactions
What is IAT (indirect antiglobulin test)?
Kell antigens are resistant to these common enzyme treatments
What is ficin and papain?
Individuals typing as Fy(a-b-) are resistant to this
What is Plasmodium vivax malarial infection?
The type of transfusion reaction that occurs days or weeks after transfusion
What is delayed transfusion reaction?
What is their D antigen is missing specific epitopes?
This rare phenotype lacks all Rh antigens and can only receive blood from similarly affected donors
What is Rhnull?
This gene must be inherited for Kell antigens to be expressed on rbcs
What is the XK gene?
This Duffy antibody is about 3 times less frequent than anti-Kell and rarely binds complement
What is anti-Fya?
This serologic phenomenon causes stronger reactions with homozygous cells than heterozygous cells
What is dosage?
A patient has an antibody that 25% of donors are antigen negative. If he requires 3 compatible units, this number will need to be tested
What is 12 (3/0.25 = 12)?
Rh immune globulin provides what type of immunity to prevent formation of this antibody
What is passive artificial anti-D?
This rare phenotype lacks all Kell antigens and may form anti-Ku
What is Ko?
The Duffy glycoprotein is also known by these acronyms
What are DARC and ACKR1?
This test will detect in vivo antibody-coated red blood cells
What is DAT (direct antiglobulin test)?
A patient has anti-C and requires 4 units. Antigen frequency of C is 70%. This is number of units the TM lab will phenotype
What is 14 units? 4/0.30= 13.3= 14
Rank the major Rh antigens in order of immunogenicity (highest to lowest)
What is D>c>E>C>e?
This is characterized by absent Kx, weakened Kell expression, hemolytic anemia, and neuromuscular abnormalities
What is McLeod syndrome?
These common proteolytic enzymes destroy the Duffy antigens Fya and Fyb
What are papain and ficin?
Clinically significant antibodies optimally react at this temperature
What is 37°C?
The 2 conditions that can be the result of clinically significant antibodies
What are HTR and HDFN?