Trauma Treatments
You arrive on scene to find a patient with a chemical splash in their right eye. You prepare your irrigation supplies. In order to prevent contamination of the unaffected eye, you position the patient and irrigate in this direction.
What is from medial to lateral?
This condition results from blood accumulating in the chest cavity, often after blunt or penetrating trauma, and presents with signs of shock, decreased breath sounds on one side, and dullness to percussion.
What is a hemothorax?
This brain injury often results from a fall or trauma in elderly patients, can have a slow onset over days to weeks, and involves venous bleeding beneath the dura mater.
What is a subdural bleed?
A 28-year-old woman in her first trimester complains of sharp, lower abdominal pain on one side and light vaginal bleeding. She reports no trauma and a missed period. Her vitals show borderline hypotension and tachycardia.
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
The correct dose and route for aspirin
324mg or four 81mg
Orally
A patient was shot in the chest and is struggling to breathe. You find a small, bubbling wound on the left side of the chest. You immediately apply this type of dressing to seal the wound while allowing trapped air to escape.
What is an occlusive dressing (with a flutter valve or taped on three sides)?
In this condition, air enters the pleural space and cannot escape, compressing the lungs and shifting the mediastinum. It can lead to obstructive shock and requires immediate needle decompression by ALS. Signs and symptoms include severe respiratory distress, absent breath sounds on the left, tracheal deviation to the right, and JVD.
What is a tension pneumothorax?
A geriatric patient had fallen at home and briefly loses consciousness. He regains consciousness, seems fine, and then rapidly deteriorates. This pattern is a red flag for this arterial brain bleed.
What is an epidural bleed?
A 36-week pregnant patient reports painless, bright red vaginal bleeding. She denies contractions or abdominal pain. On exam, she appears pale but stable. You position her on her left side and begin transport.
What is placenta previa?
The correct dose and route for nitro
0.4mg sublingually
A man has been stabbed in the abdomen, and a loop of bowel is protruding. He is alert and holding his abdomen. You know you should never try to push the organs back in and instead perform this treatment.
What is cover the evisceration with a moist, sterile dressing and then an occlusive dressing or system approved chest seal?
Clue: After a stabbing to the chest, a patient presents with difficulty breathing, signs of shock, and decreased breath sounds on one side. You suspect both air and blood have entered the pleural space.
What is a hemopneumothorax?
This general term describes any bleeding within the skull and may present with headache, vomiting, altered mental status, or unequal pupils.
What is an intracranial hemorrhage?
A 30-year-old pregnant woman at 35 weeks reports sudden, severe abdominal pain and dark red vaginal bleeding. She has a rigid abdomen, and fetal movement has decreased. She appears anxious and is becoming hypotensive.
What is abruptio placentae?
The correct dose and route of narcan.
0.4mg up to 2mg IN
During a fall on a construction site, a patient has a large laceration on the thigh with visible bleeding. As an EMT-B, your first step in bleeding control after exposing the wound is this
What is apply direct pressure?
After being stabbed in the chest, a patient presents with muffled heart tones, hypotension, and JVD. This condition occurs when blood fills the pericardial sac, compressing the heart.
What is cardiac tamponade?
This traumatic brain injury results in bruising of brain tissue, usually from a direct impact or coup-contrecoup mechanism, and may present with confusion, vomiting, or seizure.
What is a cerebral contusion?
A 22-year-old woman in her third trimester begins seizing while complaining of a headache and seeing flashing lights. Her blood pressure is 180/110. You ensure airway and safety, and prepare for rapid transport.
What is eclampsia?
The typical adult dose of epinephrine administered through an auto-injector and route.
What is 0.3mg and IM
A woman’s hand has been severed in a farming accident. After treating the patient, you retrieve the amputated part and handle it correctly by doing this.
What is wrap it in sterile dressing, place it in a plastic bag, and keep the bag cool — but not directly on ice?
A patient crushed by a heavy object shows facial cyanosis, bulging eyes, JVD, and petechiae on the upper chest. This is caused by sudden compression of the chest while the glottis is closed.
What is traumatic asphyxia?
After a minor car accident, a young patient reports headache, dizziness, and temporary memory loss but has no visible injury on CT. These are signs of this mild traumatic brain injury.
What is a concussion?
During delivery, you notice the umbilical cord has slipped out ahead of the baby and is pulseless. You instruct the mother not to push and insert your gloved hand to relieve pressure on the cord while transporting rapidly.
What is a prolapsed umbilical cord?
Activated charcoal is typically administered at this dosage per kilogram of body weight and route.
What is 1 gram per kilogram?