Trauma Overview 1
In most patients with multisystem trauma, definitive care sometimes requires surgery intervention; therefore, on scene time should be limited to ____min or less.
10min or less, referred to as the platinum 10
What kind of blast injury includes injuries such as burns, crush injuries, radiation injury, toxic inhalation?
Quaternary blast injuries
What kind of bleed is characterized by bright red spurting blood?
What kind of bleed is characterized by dark and flowing (fast or slow depending on the size)?
Venous bleed
What is the difference between a dressing and a bandage?
Dressings- cover the wound
Bandages- secure dressings in place
What is a brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and energy transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of original impact?
Coup-contrecoup brain injury
What is the force, or energy transmission, applied to the body that causes injury called?
Mechanism of injury
Where do you place a tourniqet?
Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue.
Compartment syndrome
What kind of burn affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue? Characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist, and mottled.
Partial Thickness Burns (second-degree)
What are the three components of the Glascow Coma Scale?
Eye opening, verbal, and motor
A patient fell from a 20ft ladder and only opens their eyes to verbal stimuli, groans when you do a sternal rub and pulls away when you try to split their arm. What is the GCS?
Eyes-2 Verbal-2 Motor-4
Total GCS 8
What is the first step you take when you walk up to a person with bleeding from their forearm?
*Assuming the scene is safe and you have appropriate PPE on.
Apply direct pressure with your gloved hand.
How do you treat an eviceration?
Cover with a moist sterile dressing and secure it with an occlusive dressing.
When calculating the extent of burn injuries what type of burns are you including in the rule of 9s?
Partial thickness and full thickness burns.
What type of trauma center is able to initiate definitive care for all injured patients?
What type of trauma center can provide advanced trauma life support before transfer of patients to a higher-level trauma center?
Type IV
What is a condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external blooding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion?
Hypovolemic Shock
What is the fiber-like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments?
Fascia
An adult female patient has sustained 2nd burns to the back of the left arm, posterior trunk, front of left leg, anterior head and neck, and perinium. Using the rule of 9s what percentage of her body is burned?
37%
What three things are we evaluating in the revised trauma score used with patients with head trauma?
Systolic Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate, and Glascow Coma Scale
What three events or findings would give reason for an increased suspicion for significant mechanism of injury in reference to motor vehicle collisions?
*Think major trauma criteria
- Death of an occupant in the vehicle
- Intrusion 12in on driver's side and 18 anywhere else.
- Ejection from the vehicle
What is a condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions?
Hypoperfusion or Shock
What is definitive care for a patient experiencing compartment syndrome?
Surgical care at the hospital and immediate fasciotomy.
An infant has partial thickness burns to the anterior trunk, anterior and posterior left leg, and perinium.
Using the rule of 9s what percentage of the infants' body is burned?
32.5%