PTSD
PTSD can be diagnosed when symptoms persist for how long?
What is at least one month
What is the purpose of this diagnosis?
What is to address the gap for people who are suffering within the first month after a trauma; and/or to identify trauma survivors who would be at risk for developing PTSD in the future
When must symptoms start to occur for this diagnosis?
What is within 3 months from the onset of the stressor
What percentage of people experience trauma?
50%
Characterized by a pattern of markedly disturbed and developmentally inappropriate attachment behaviors, in which a child rarely or minimally turns preferentially to an attachment figure for comfort, support, protection, and nurturance.
RAD
Which type of events are most likely and least likely to lead to PTSD?
What is sexual assault and natural disasters
What is the duration for this diagnosis?
How long do symptoms last?
What is doesn't last longer than 6 months once the original stressor or consequences have terminated
When is it ok to ask a PTSD patient about the even that cause them the disorder?
When person is ready to talk about it.
What is the main characteristic of RAD
Absent or Grossly Underdeveloped attachment between child and caregiving adult
What are specifiers for this diagnosis?
What is depersonalization and derealization
How many symptoms must be present for this to be diagnosed?
What is 9 or more
Adjustment Disorders are often distinguished from more severe and chronic conditions by the presence of what key characteristic?
What is the temporal relationship between the stressor and the onset of symptoms
What 4 disorders are comorbid with PTSD?
What is...
1) Anxiety
2) Depression
3) Substance Use Disorder
4) Personality Disorders
Age of the child to be diagnosed with RAD?`
•A diagnosis of RAD should not be made in children who are developmentally unable to form selective attachments. Thus the child must have a developmental age of at least 9 months.
What are the four categories on how PTSD symptoms can present?
What is
1) Anxiety/ fear based
2) Anhedonic/ depressed
3) Externalizing/ aggression
4) Dissociative symptoms
Which symptom category can be the predictor of prognosis?
What is dissociative symptoms
Name 3/6 specifiers for adjustment disorders
What is with depressed mood, with anxiety, with mixed anxiety and depressed mood, with disturbance of conduct, with mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct and unspecified
Name and describe the 4 groups of patients seen in PTSD and
1) Resilient = show few symptoms
2) Recovery = symptoms at first, but then improve
3) Delayed = no symptoms at first but then increase over time
4) Chronic = high distress with high levels of PTSD symptoms
What are the treatment for RAD?
Individual counseling, education of parents and caregivers about the condition, parenting skills classes, family therapy, medication for other conditions that may be present (such as depression, anxiety, etc.), special education services, and residential or inpatient treatment for children with more-serious problems or who put themselves or others at risk of harm.
Describe the diagnostic criteria for PTSD
1) Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence
2) Presence of 1 or more intrusive symptoms
3) 1 symptom of persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event
4) 2 symptoms of negative alterations in cognition and mood
5) 1 symptom of marked alterations in arousal and reactivity
6) Duration of symptoms is more than 1 month
7) Significant distress or impairment
8) Not due to substance or AMC
What are the five categories of symptoms?
What is Intrusive symptoms, negative mood, dissociative symptoms, avoidance symptoms and arousal symptoms
Name the two options of symptoms or behaviors that are needed for this diagnosis.
What is marked distress (more than you would expect) and significant impairment
Name one pretraumatic, peritraumatic and posttraumatic factor of trauma disorders
What is..
- Pretaumatic: childhood emotional problems by 6 years old, lower ses, lower education, prior trauma exposure, childhood adversity, lower intelligence, family psych history
- Peritraumatic: severity of trauma, dissociation during and after the traumatic event
- Posttraumatic: negative thinking styles, ineffective coping strategies, having been diagnosed with acute stress disorder, subsequent repeated exposure to reminders
What is the main cause of RAD?
They cried long enough to learn that an adult will not come and they had to soothe themselves.