The body did WHAT?
The primary site of drug metabolism.
What is the liver?
Receptors stimulated by sympathomimetics.
What are alpha and beta receptors?
This drug class is often a first-line treatment for seizures.
What are Benzodiazepines?
Medication used in the management of torsades de pointes, seizure prevention or management in pregnancy, and as a bronchodilator in severe refractory asthma
What is mag sulfate?
Most commonly used blood product in the prehospital setting
What is unmatched Type O Negative blood?
The percentage of unchanged drug that reaches systemic circulation.
What is bioavailability?
Beta-2 stimulation causes this respiratory effect.
What is bronchodilation?
This drug reduces ICP by osmotic diuresis.
What is Mannitol?
Medication used to treat magnesium toxicity, dysrhythmias from hyperkalemia, and a pretreatment to prevent hypotension after IV verapamil.
What is calcium?
The hematocrit rate of increase when given a unit of PRBC.
What is 3%?
The plasma levels of a substance directly influence the rate of elimination.
What is first-order elimination?
Receptors affected by non-selective beta blockers.
What are Beta -1 and Beta-2 receptors?
Risk of recurrent toxic effects when this drug is eliminated more rapidly than opioid chemicals.
What is Naloxone?
Medication used to treat beta blocker overdoses and esophageal strictures
What is Glucagon?
If given within 3 hours of excessive hemorrhage, this antifibrinolytic can significantly reduce mortality related to blood loss.
What is TXA?
1) Making an inactive substance active
2) Changing an active medication to another active medication
3) An active medication becomes completely or partially inactive
4) Medication is transformed into a metabolite that is easier to eliminate
What are the effects of biotransformation?
A drug that stimulates alpha and beta receptors.
What is epinephrine?
This medication can suppress the cough reflex.
What are opioids?
Alkalinizing agent used to stabilize severe hyperkalemia, promote urinary secretion of salicylate chemicals, and raise blood pH in patients with severe metabolic acidosis
What is sodium bicarb?
Clopidogrel, Ticlid and Effient are common examples.
What are antiplatelet medications?
This phenomenon explains the reduction of bioavailability of oral meds and often results in higher oral doses than the same meds given for the same purposes via the IV route.
What is first-pass effect?
An adrenergic agonist commonly used in septic shock.
What is Norepinephrine?
Long-term seizure control medications that work by altering sodium channels.
What are Dilantin and Cerebyx?
This NSAID works by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis to treat pain and inflammation
What is Toradol?
Blood product given to increase clotting factors not volume expansion.
What is fresh frozen plasma (FPP)?