Minor Burn Care
Antibiotics & Drugs
Debridement
Topical Care
Skin Grafting
100
While water at lower temperatures is beneficial, _____ should not be used to cool a burn due to the risk of hypothermia and cutting off blood supply
What is ice?
*Ice/freezing cold water leads to hypothermia and cuts off too much blood supply
100
Ibuprofen, diclofenac, and meloxicam are examples of these drug types, which inhibit prostaglandin production to reduce inflammation
What are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
100
This is the name for the enzyme that can break down collagen in necrotic tissue
What is collagenase?
100
Vaseline is known for this product, which maintains moisture for healing and protecting a burn from infection
What is petroleum jelly?
100
To repair wounds, skin grafting will replace dead tissue with this
What is healthy skin?
200
Unless stated otherwise, you should always wash the burn daily using these two things
What are soap and water?
*Use a mild soap to prevent severe irritation
200
Antibiotic ointments should not be used for any longer than this time, or you risk creating a rash
What is one week?
*Also consider that localized antibiotic resistance is an issue
200
Autolytic debridement can use phagocytes and proteasomes, provided that the wound is kept ______ for softening
What is moist?
*This should be done for noninfected wounds
200
To minimize swelling, you should try to move body parts in a way so it is ________ with respect to the heart
What is elevated/above?
*Fluid accumulation is minimized in doing so; this works best for extremities
200
Autografts use skin from your body to heal dead tissue, where as ______ use skin from someone else to do so
What are allografts?
300
Over-the-counter drugs are best for minor burn pain, and these are the generic names for Tylenol, Advil, and Aleve
What are acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil), and naproxen (Aleve)?
300
Patients with burns should make sure to have a vaccine against this disease that is often associated with oxidized iron
What is tetanus?
Iron oxide = Rust
Burn patients are more vulnerable to clostridium tetani bacteria
300
Along with some polymers to provide mechanical support, the extracellular matrix can be replaced with this, which is a major component of fungal cell walls
What is chitin or (specifically) chitosan?
300
Bandages should be snug and not super tight so that this condition involving reduced blood flow does not occur
What is ischemia?
*Also avoid adhesive bandages just so it does not stick to the open wound for infection
300
If a sheet graft is not large enough to cover a wound, a machine can make holes to expand it, making a _____ graft.
What is mesh?
400
A healed burn should be protected from exposure to this to prevent risk of scarring and discoloration of the skin
What is sunlight?
*This especially matters if a skin graft was needed
400
Morphine, oxycodone, and tramadol are common examples of this drug type that helps with severe pain
What are opioids?
Opioids can be used for severe burns, but watch out for addictive properties
400
For some necrotic tissue in burns, it may be useful to use sterile versions of these organisms to eat away this tissue
What are maggots/larvae?
*This is larval debridement therapy, and the specific one is Lucilia sericata
400
Known for their anti-inflammatory ability, this plant in a cream or gel form is able to mitigate adverse effects of first and second degree burns
What is aloe vera?
*There's no exact explanation for anti-inflammatory abilities yet, but hypotheses include inhibition of prostaglandin or histamine synthesis, or destruction of bradykinin via bradykininase
400
Artificial skin can be made by placing an epidermal layer on top of a dermal layer made of these cell mesenchymal stem cells and type I collagen
What are fibroblasts?
500
6 C's that can be considered in wound care include clothing, comforting (pain meds), chemoprophylaxis (antibiotics), and these three things to do immediately after a burn
What are cooling, cleaning, and covering?
500
Along with mafenide acetate, topical ointments that contain this noble metal can minimize burn wound infection.
What is silver?
Used in silver sulfadiazine, silver nitrate, and silver-impregnated dressings
500
Most mechanical debridement methods utilize this phase of matter to allow mechanical force to remove necrotic tissue
What is liquid?
Wet-to-dry = Dry out dead skin
Wound irrigation = Use saline to remove tissue
Pulsatile lavage = Pressurized liquid can remove tissue
500
Triple antibacterial formulas contain bacitracin, neomycin, and polymyxin B, and this medication is the brand name with this trio
What is Neosporin?
Bacitracin = Disrupts cell wall synthesis in gram-positive bacteria
Neomycin = Disrupts protein synthesis in gram-negative bacteria
Polymyxin B = Alters cell membrane to leak intracellular contents
500
Split-thickness skin graft involves removing this entire skin layer as well as parts of the layer beneath it
What is epidermis?
*All of the epidermis is taken, and usually parts of the papillary dermis are taken as well