Peace Conference
WW1 was the largest, most deadly, and most destructive war the world had ever seen. How amny soldiers were killed and how many civilians were killed?
8.5 million soldiers. 13 million civilians.
President Woodrow Wilson argued for a different idea for peace. His ideas he consolidated into what list?
The 14 Points
Since Britain and France disagreed with the 14 points, Wilson had to compromise. This led to the creation of what document?
Treaty of Versailles
Austro-Hungarian empire
When was the treaty offically signed?
June 28, 1919
What was the total cost of the damage done by WW1?
338 billion dollars.
What was the goal of the first 5 points?
To eliminate the main causes of WW1 such as militarism, secret alliances, imperialism, and nationalism
The major provisions of the Treaty included the League of Nations serving as an international peace keeping organization, a court of international justice, and what else?
A covenant that all member nations would work together to stop future acts of aggression
Land was taken from Germany to create which new European nation?
Poland
Who all signed the treaty?
Germany and the other major Allied powers.
How many soldiers were wounded during the war?
21 million
What was the goal of the points 6-13?
Wilson suggested changing national
boundaries, creating new nations, & allowing
self-determination so that the people of each
nation could decide their own form of government
The terms of the treaty severely punished Germany. This included Germany having to lose all overseas colonies, not allowed to make war equipment and signing what?
The War Guilt Clause
New nations were created from which Allied power that gave them up when this nation left the war early?
Russia
What did the German citizens do in response to their government signing the treaty?
Protested harsh terms and resented their government.
The Paris Peace conference had 4 major Allied power nations runt the entire meeting to decide how to officially politically end the war. Which 4 nations led the conference?
Britain, France, United States, and Italy
What was the goal of the final 14th point?
To create a league of nations
The war guilt clause stipulated that Germany was to accept full blame and do what for the Allied nations?
Pay a total of 33 billion dollars in reparations to the Allies
Britain and France gained mandates in the Middle East because of what?
Division of Ottoman Empire
Why were the reactions to the treaty in the USA mixed? What was the result of the mixed reactions?
According to the US Constitution, only the Senate can approve treaties. The Sentate was worried joining the League of nations would involve the US in more war so the USA never joined the League and did not sign the treaty.
Britain and France wanted harsh punishments for Germany and wanted them to accept full blame for the war. Which Allied nation leader disagreed with the harsh punishments?
USA President Woodrow Wilson.
What was the purpose of the League of nations?
The goal was that the league would give all nations an opportunity to work out their grievances without resorting to war
In addition, the treaty redrew the map for Europe and where else?
The Middle East
The mandates gained by Britain and France gave them access to what prized commodity?
Oil
The Treaty of Versailles was said to be a peace built on quicksand. Why was that?
The treaty did not address the M.A.I.N. causes of WWI, The League of Nations did not include the USA & its leaders would do anything to avoid another war, and High unemployment & desire for revenge would lead to aggressive dictators in the 1920s & 1930s