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100
What is always identical for every atom of a given element?
Number of protons
100
What happens to the electrons in a covalent bond?
They are shared between atoms
100
What type of element is found on the left side of the periodic table?
metals
100
What rule is satisfied by the noble gas group without forming compounds?
The octet rule
100
How can the total number of electrons be determined for a neutral atom?
It is the same as the atomic number
200
What do you need to add together as a first step in drawing a Lewis structure?
The number of valence electrons in each atom
200
The original periodic table was arranged by atomic mass. What is used to arrange the modern periodic table? What determines this number?
Atomic Number (number of protons)
200
The ability to gain electrons is called electronegativity. Which element has the greatest electronegativity on the periodic table?
Fluorine
200
Where can I find all the elements with similar chemical properties as helium?
In the noble gas family, the same family as Helium
200
Ions in most ionic compounds form crystals of oppositely charged atoms. How many ions can cluster around each ion in table salt?
six
300
What happens to a metal atom when it forms an ionic compound?
It loses its valence electrons and gains a positive charge.
300
What are the three elements in period two that would most likely form multiple covalent bonds?
C, N, O
300
How many bonds are in the molecule PH3?
3
300
What happens when two atoms collide with one another with the correct orientation and energy?
They will form a bond and become a new molecule
300
On the periodic table the horizontal rows are ____________________ and the columns are ______________________
Periods, Groups
400
How do you calculate the number of electrons to show in a Lewis diagram of a negative polyatomic ion such as OH- ?
Available = total valence electrons plus the number of extra electrons, represented by the charge
400
What property is most closely related to the number and arrangement of its electrons?
Its chemical activity
400
A covalent chemical formula shows exactly how many atoms are in the compound, so CH4 is a different molecule than C2H8. Why can an ionic chemical formula of MgCl2 still be correct to represent Mg2Cl4?
The ionic formula represents the RATIO of the combined elements in the sample.
400
Why do members of the same family have the similar properties?
Because they have the same number of valence electrons
400
What type of charge does a covalent compound have?
Neutral
500
In drawing a Lewis structure which atoms should always be surrounded by 8 electrons?
All nonmetals except hydrogen
500
What does the period number represent for the atoms in that row?
It tells how many energy levels are occupied by the atoms electrons
500
How do you calculate the total number of electrons in a positive ion?
Start with the number of electrons in a neutral atom (the atomic number) and subtract the positive charge.
500
Since Fluorine is the most electronegative element, why would it never be the central element in a covalent Lewis structure?
The covalent central atom is the least electronegative atom
500
What element in the 5th period has seven valence electrons?
I (iodine)