History & Constitution
This 1215 document helped establish the foundation for trial by jury.
What is Magna Carta?
This process involves lawyers questioning potential jurors?
What is voir dire?
This principle means the defendant is considered innocent until proven guilty.
What is the presumption of innocence?
This type of evidence directly proves a fact, like an eyewitness.
What is direct evidence?
This is the first step where each side outlines their case.
What are opening statements?
This Supreme Court case defined the scope of the right to a jury trial.
What is Duncan v. Louisiana (1968)?
This type of challenge romoves a juror for a valid legal reason
What is a challenge for cause?
This side must prove the case in court.
Who is the prosecution?
This type of evidence suggests a fact through indirect clues.
What is circumstantial evidence?
This step occurs after both sides present their case and summarize arguments.
What are closing arguments?
This part of the Constitution guarantees jury trials in criminal cases.
What is the Sixth Amendment?
This type of challenge allows removal without giving a reason (but not for discrimination).
What is a peremptory challenge?
This is the highest standard of proof required in criminal trials.
What is beyond a reasonable doubt?
Statements made by witnesses in court are called this.
What is testimony?
This is when the jury discusses the case to reach a decision.
What is jury deliberation?
This type of trial is decided by a judge without a jury.
What is bench trial?
These lists are commonly used to create jury pools but may exclude certain groups.
What are voter registration lists?
The traditional number of jurors in a trial is this.
What is 12?
This rule states evidence must be relevant and trustworthy.
What are rules of evidence?
This happens after a guilty verdict when punishment is decided.
What is sentencing?
The offenders and minor cases may not have a right to a jury trial.
Who are juveniles and adults charged with petty offenses?
Courts use multiple sources like this to make jury pools more representative.
What are driver’s license lists, utility records, or phone directories?
Most jury decisions must meet this requirement.
What is unanimity?
This type of evidence is usually not allowed because it is not made in court.
What is hearsay?
This is when a higher court reviews legal issues from a trial.
What is an appeal?