patho, dx
how is trigeminal neuralgia dx?
Based on history. There are no specific tests, but stimulation of certain trigger points may precipitate the pain
describe a pain assessment for a pt w trigeminal neuralgia
PQRST, pain scale (0-10), alleviating and aggravating factors, precipitating events, treatments, triggers, effect on ADLs, etc.)
what causes trigeminal neuralgia?
unknown
describe some CAM of pain relief that the nurse can recommend to a pt w trigeminal neuralgia
guided imagery, meditation, etc.
describe some triggers/contributing factors to trigeminal neuralgia
triggers: washing the face, ingestion of hot or cold liquids, chewing, shaving
contributing factors: -trauma, infection, compression of the nerve by an aneurysm, tumor, or artery
what is the focus of a focused assessment in a pt w trigeminal neuralgia?
Assessment focuses on description of the pain (PQRST, 0-10, alleviating and aggravating factors, precipitating events, treatments, triggers, effect on ADLs, etc.)
what are the 3 distributions of the trigeminal nerve?
ophthalmic, maxillary, or mandibular
describe the pharmacologic treatment for trigeminal neuralgia
•phenytoin (Dilantin) and carbamazepine (Tegretol): most commonly used as analgesic
•alcohol or phenol injection into the affected branch of the trigeminal nerve: pain relief lasting 8-16 months
what is trigeminal neuralgia -- how is the pain described
-unilateral and abrupt; can last from seconds to a few minutes.
-No associated deficit, but crippling pain affects pt’s daily activities
Pt has dull ache or is pain free between episodes.
describe the surgical treatment for trigeminal neuralgia
•Electrocoagulation – heated electrodes are used to destroy sensory fibers in the nerve. This is the most effective in providing lasting pain relief without compromising nerve functioning