Trimester 1 Review

Chapter 1 - Intro to Biology

1

Biology is the study of what?

Life

2

Define homeostasis.

Keeping internal conditions stable

3

Define dependent variable.

The variable that you measure in an experiment

4

What is the smallest unit of living things?

Cells

5

Hypotheses are often made before an experiment. Give an example of a hypothesis related to fertilizer and plant growth.

IF I give a plant fertilizer, THEN it will grow more.

Chapter 2 - Biochemistry

1

What three particles make up an atom?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

2

The molecule that an enzyme acts on is called a...

substrate

3

Atoms in a covalent bond ____(1)_____ electrons, and atoms in an ionic bond _____(2)_____ electrons.

Fill in the blanks with the words "share" or "exchange"

1 - share

2 - exchange

4

Simple sugars are the monomer (building block) of what biomolecule?

carbohydrates

5

Please labeled the following pH values as being acidic, basic, or neutral.

3... 7... and 14

3 = acidic

7 = neutral

8 = basic

Chapter 3 - Cell Structure & Function

1

A cell that does not have a nucleus is an example of this type of cell

prokaryotic cell

2

What organelle is responsible for producing energy in both plant and animal cells?

the mitochondria

3

Why do plant cells have a large central vacuole?

To store water and other nutrients

4

What structure is the outermost boundary of a plant cell? What about an animal cell?

Plant: cell wall

animal cell: cell membrane

5

What major tool/device helped lead to the discovery of cells?

the microscope

Chapter 3 - Cell Transport

1

The movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration is known as

diffusion

2

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Passive = no energy

Active = require energy

3

If a cell is placed in a isotonic solution, what will happen to it?

It will stay the same water

4

Name the molecule that makes up the cell membrane

phospholipid

5

Name an example of active transport

endocytosis or exocytosis

Chapter 4 - Cell Energetics

1

What organelle does photosynthesis occur in?

chloroplast

2

What organelle does cellular respiration occur in?

the mitochondria

3

Please write the equation for photosynthesis.

sunlight + 6CO2 + 6H20 --> C6H12O6 + 6O2

4

Please write the equation for cellular respiration.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP (energy)

5

Name the pigment that absorbs light in photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll