Independent/Dependent Variables
What is the difference between an Independent variable and a Dependent variable?
Independent Variable: Variable you can change
Dependent Variable: Variable that is influenced.
Freezing is ____ to ____
Melting is _____ to ____
Vaporization is ____ to _____
Condensation is _____ to ___
Freezing is liquid to solid
Melting is solid to liquid
Vaporization is liquid to gas
Condensation is gas to liquid
What is Chemistry?
The study of matter and energy and the interaction between them
What are the categories of properties of matter?
Physical and Chemical
Does solid liquid and gas take the shape of its container?
Solid: No
Liquid: Yes
Gas: Only when constrained in a container.
What is a variable in an experiment?
A factor that can alter your experiment results.
What is the freezing, melting, and vaporization point of water?
Freezing: 0 degree Celsius
Melting: 0 degree Celsius
Vaporization: 100 degree Celsius
What is matter?
Any substance that takes up space and has mass.
Which change creates new substances?
Chemical
What are some examples of plasma?
Northern Lights
Fluorescent Lights
Neon signs
Stars
Lightning
Plasma Balls
Define Science
Give me 5 phase changes
Freezing
Melting
Vaporization
Condensation
Sublimation
Deposition
Ionization
Deionization
Name all states of matter in order from cold to hot starting from cold. And which state is the most abundant in the universe?
BEC (Bose-Einstein Condensate)
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Plasma is the most abundant state of matter in the universe.
Physical properties of matter are _____ and ______.
Measurable and observable
Two plants are grown using the same light and pots. One plant is given water that has been microwaved and the other got regular tap water. Their height is measured after 2 weeks.
What is the Independent and Dependent Variables?
Independent: Type of water
Dependent: Height
What's the difference between scientific theories and laws?
Theories: Why something happened
Laws: What will happen
Give me an example of Sublimation and Deposition
Sublimation: Dry Ice to gas
Deposition: Frost appears in grass overnight
Define the speed and if they have definite shape for liquid solid and gas.
Solid: Moves slowly and vibrates in place, It has a definite shape
Liquid: Moves moderately, it does not have a definite shape
Gas: Moves really fast, It does not have a definite shape
Give me 4 examples of physical change
and Chemical change has occurred
1. State of matter
2. Size
3. Shape
4. Ability to dissolve
5. Color
6. Odor
7. Texture
8. Hardness
1. Color change
2. Gas bubbles
3. Light is produced
4. Temperature change (heat or fire is produced)
What is the purpose of "control" in an experiment?
A trial where all the variables are held constant. A control is used as the standard of comparison for your experiment.
A mosquito repellent is sprayed on one arm and the other arm is not sprayed. The number of mosquito bites is counted after 2 hours. What is the Independent Variable and Dependent?
Independent: Mosquito repellent
Dependent: number of bites
Deposition is ______ to ______
Sublimation is ______ to _____
Deposition is vapor to solid
Sublimation is solid to vapor
How does BEC occur and how does Plasma occur?
BEC: When atoms are cooled to a specific low temperature
Plasma: Occurs at extremely hot temperatures
True or False:
During Chemical change atoms are not rearranged into different molecules.
False
Answer the Control, manipulated (Independent) Variable, Responding (Dependent) Variable, and What should Marge's conclusion be?
Marge has been trying to get Maggie to sleep through the night without her pacifier. A friend suggests that putting lavender oil on Maggie's pillow will help her sleep.
The first night, Marge puts Maggie to sleep without her pacifier. Maggie woke up an hour later crying.
The second night Marge put lavender oil on the pillow. Maggie still woke up crying in hour later.
Control: No Oil
Manipulated (Independent) Variable: Lavender Oil
Responding (Dependent) Variable: How long Maggie sleeps
Marges conclusion would be that the lavender oil did not help.