Serial Killers
He was known as the "Milwaukee Cannibal"
Jeffery Dahmer
This 1966 Supreme Court case required police to inform suspects of their rights
Miranda v. Arizona
This standard of proof is required for criminal conviction at trial
Beyond a reasonable doubt
Suggests people commit crime when the benefits outweigh the costs
Rational Choice Theory
This sentencing structure requires an offender to serve a fixed amount of time with little discretion from parole boards
Determinate Sentencing
This unidentified killer terrorized Northern California in the late 1960s and sent coded letters to newspapers
The Zodiac Killer
This case established the right to an attorney for defendants who cannot afford one
Gideon v. Wainwright
This constitutional amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
The Fourth Amendment
This theory argues that crime occurs when individuals are unable to achieve socially approved goals through legitimate means
Strain Theory
This sentencing structure gives a range of time and allows parole boards to determine release dates
Indeterminate Sentencing
This killer clown was executed in 1994 after murdering 33 young men and boys
John Wayne Gacy
This 1954 case declared racial segregation in schools in public schools to be unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education
This investigative tool requires a judge's approval and establishes probable cause to search a specific location
A search warrant
Developed by Edward Sutherland, this theory proposes that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others
Differential Association Theory
This philosophy of punishment focuses on giving offenders what they "deserve" based on the seriousness of the crime
Retribution
Female serial killer who was executed in Florida in 2002
Aileen Wurnos
This case limited school searches by requiring "reasonable suspicion" rather than probable cause
New Jersey v. T.L.O
This 1968 Supreme Court case established that police may conduct a limited pat down for weapons based on reasonable suspicion
Terry v. Ohio
Theory focused on weakened bonds to society, attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief as causes of crime
Social Control Theory
In this 1972 Supreme Court case, the justices ruled that inconsistent application of capital punishment violated the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments
Furman v. Georgia
This unidentified murderer is believed to have killed at least 5 women in London (1888)
Jack the Ripper
Roe v. Wade
This rule prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used in a criminal trial
The exclusionary rule
Proposed by Travis Hirschi and Michael Gottfredson, this theory argues low self-control is the primary cause of criminal behavior
Self-Control Theory
This 1976 Supreme Court case reinstated the death penalty under revised sentencing guidelines
Gregg v. Georgia