Transmission
The organism that causes TB.
What is Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Name three symptoms of TB.
What is fatigue, low-grade fever, night sweats?
Two reasons the TST is not always useful.
What is determine whether infection is active or latent?
Cannot detect recent TB infection
B6 can cause this when combined with antitubercular drugs.
What is peripheral neuropathy?
Name of the TB vaccine.
What is Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG)?
How M. tuberculosis is spread.
What is cough, sneeze, speak, sing; airborne/droplet transmission?
Population extrapulmonary TB is most prevalent.
Who are HIV + patients?
You should collect at least 3 of these to aid in diagnosis of TB.
What is sputum cultures?
This drug can cause red-orange body fluids
What is Rifampin?
The difference between Active Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis.
If you have active Tuberculosis disease, you show symptoms and can spread it, whereas, if you have Latent TB, you only have an infection where you do not feel sick, show symptoms, and you are not infectious nor can you spread the disease.
The three common extrapulmonary sites for TB infection.
What are the pleura, CNS, kidneys, lymphatic system, genitourinary system, bones and joints, & GI?
Name 3 populations at risk for TB.
What is:
The four ways to diagnose TB.
What are chest X-ray, sputum tests, blood tests, and skin tests?
This medication requires monitoring for decreased platelet cell count.
What is rifampin?
Tuberculosis is primarily a lung disease, but also can spread to other locations via these 2 systems.
What is the circulation and lymphatic systems?
The 4 determinants of TB transmission.
What is
Infectiousness of individual,
Closeness of individual
Duration of exposure &
Virulence?
An indication of a positive PPD (STS) test.
What is
Presence of induration (not redness) at injection site indicates development of antibodies secondary to exposure to TB Positive if ≥15 mm induration in low-risk individuals
Response ↓ in immunocompromised patients
Reactions ≥5 mm considered positive
Two things that can be seen in the chest x-rays.
What are scarring (fibrosis) and hardening (calcification)?
This agent is contraindicated for patients diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis.
What is pyrazinamide?
These are fibrotic, calcified scars containing dormant organisms found in the lungs in a patient with latent TB.
What are Ghon tubercles?
Name 4 actions that an infected person can take to prevent the transmission of tuberculosis to other people.
What is it like to take the prescribed medications for latent tuberculosis, finish all treatment, stay home, wear a mask, and ventilate or have a negative pressure room?
A low level of this vitamin is associated with a 5-fold increased risk for progression of TB.
What is vitamin D?
The length of time a sputum culture (mucus taken from the lungs) takes to develop and provide results, though it is the most effective way to diagnose active TB.
What is 1 to 8 weeks?
This medication could cause peripheral neuropathy.
What is isoniazid?
What are the drugs used to treat tuberculosis (RIPE)?
What is Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol?