Tuberculosis
This is given with tuberculin medications to prevent peripheral neuropathy.
What is pyridoxine (B6)?
Peripheral neuropathy is more common in patients who are slow acetylators, malnourished, have diabetes, or alcoholism.
State 5 manifestations of pneumonia.
What are fevers, tachypnea, pain, coughing, nostril-flaring?
5 risk factors for influenza.
What are unvaccinated individuals, all age groups with chronic medical conditions, residents of LTC and nursing homes, immunocompromised, and pregnant women?
Two interventions you could advise a parent at home with a child with croup.
What is place the child in a steam filled bathroom and avoid milk-based fluids if the child has thick mucus or swallowing difficulty?
This type of isolation is used for all clients.
What are standard precautions?
After a positive PPD, these are the next diagnostic tests.
What are sputum cultures and a chest xray?
3 interventions for treatment at home.
What are rest, fluids, analgesics?
5 clinical manifestations of influenza.
What are Fever, Chills, Myalgia (muscle aches), Malaise (general tiredness/weakness), Non-productive cough, & Headache?
Peak seasons for croup?
Peak age group for croup?
What is autumn and winter?
What is 6 months to 3 years of age?
This type of isolation is used for immunocompromised patients having low or no resistance to infections and need to be protected from the environment.
What are neutropenic precautions or reverse isolation?
The most important part of patient education with antitubercular drugs.
What is compliance?
This type of pneumonia appears 48 hours after hospitalization.
What is hospital-acquired pneumonia?
Antiviral that is used to treat the flu.
What is Tamiflu, Relenza, Flumadine, or Symmetrel?
These are most effective if given within 48 hours of symptoms.
State 5 clinical manifestations related to croup?
What is barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and tachypnea?
This type of isolation is used for smaller organisms that can be suspended in air.
What are Airborne Precautions?
This drug can cause red-orange tears and other bodily fluids.
What is Rifampin?
This tool is often used by healthcare providers when assessing the severity of pneumonia and whether hospitalization is required.
What is CURB 65?
1. Confusion (abbreviated Mental Test Score ≤8) (1 point)
2. Urea (BUN >19 mg/dL or 7 mmol/L) (1 point)
3. Respiratory Rate ≥30 per minute (1 point)
4. Blood Pressure: diastolic ≤60 or systolic <90 mmHg (1 point)
5. Age ≥65 years (1 point)
0 to 1 Point: Low risk (1.5% mortality)
2 Points: Intermediate risk (9.2% mortality)
3 to 5 Points: High risk (22% mortality)
These symptoms can last weeks with influenza.
What is weakness and fatigue?
5 nursing interventions for a child with croup.
What is encourage rest, maintenance of hydration, calming activities to minimize crying, and provide humidity with cool mist?
This type of precaution is used when an organism can be transmitted via contact with the patient or contact with an object that is contaminated.
What are contact precautions?
Drug treatment of active tuberculosis includes 2 phases, the initial treatment and the continuation phase. These 4 medications are used in the initial phase for _______ weeks.
What are INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol?
What is 8 weeks?
This should be repeated 6 weeks after treatment.
What is a chest x-ray?
This is a frequent complication of influenza.
What is pneumonia?
2 medications a child may receive when experiencing croup.
What are corticosteroids and nebulized racemic epinephrine?
Patients who receive nebulized racemic epinephrine in the emergency department should be observed for at least 3 hours post-last treatment because of concerns for a return of bronchospasm, worsening respiratory distress, and/or persistent tachycardia; patients can be discharged home only if they demonstrate clinical stability with good air entry, baseline consciousness, no stridor at rest and have received a dose of corticosteroids
This type of isolation is used for larger organisms that can be contained in respiratory secretions and can remain suspended in air for up to 3 feet.
What are droplet precautions?