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What is Molecular Genetics?
The sub-field of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes.
What are behavior genetics?
The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.
What is GABA?
A major inhibitory neurotransmitter.
What is glutamate and what is involved with?
A major excitatory neurotransmitter. It is involved with memory.
What is an Antagonist?
A molecule that inhibits or blocks a response by binding to a receptor site.
What does the pons help with?
It controls essential, involuntary functions including breathing, sleep cycles, swallowing, facial movement, and eye movements.
What is an Agonist?
A molecular that simulates a response by binding to a receptor site.
What is reuptake?
A neurotransmitter's re-absorption by sending from the synapse after transmitting a signal, allowing for recycling and regulation of chemical signaling.
What is a dendrite?
The bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receives the messages and conducts impulses towards the cell body.
What is an Axon?
the extension of a neuron, ending in a branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles and glands.
(or they describe it/where it is)
What is the layer of fatty tissue segmentally incasing the fibers of many neurons?
Name all parts of a neuron. (at least 5 parts)
-dendrites - Myelin sheath
- cell body (soma) - Nucleus
-axon -cell membrane
-axon terminal
What is the synapse?
the specialized, tiny junctions between neurons (or neurons and muscles/glands) where electrochemical signals are transmitted, enabling communication across the nervous system
What is the nervous system?
The body's speedy electrochemical, communication network, consiting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system.
What are the 2 main parts that make up the central nervous system?
The brain and the spinal chord.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
a component of the autonomic nervous system that acts as the body's rapid involuntary response mechanism to stress, danger, or intense physical activity, commonly known as the "fight-or-flight" response
What is the body's endocrine system?
a network of glands and organs that produce, store, and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate vital bodily functions.
Key functions : metabolism, growth, reproduction, sleep, and mood regulation.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
The division of an automatic nervous system that calms or relaxes the body.
slows the heart rate, increases digestion, and stimulates arousal
What does the pituitary gland do?
Regulates crucial bodily functions and regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.
Growth, metabolism, reproduction,etc.
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream to tissues and organs, acting as the body's internal communication network.
What does the amygdala do?
it acts as the primary center for emotion processing, fear detection, and emotional memory formation.
linked to emotions,aggression, and fear.
Name all parts of the brain? (Accepting at least 5)
Cerebrum,Cerebellum,occipital lobe, spinal chord, thalamus, hippocampus,brain stem, amygdala, etc...
What does the temporal robe regulate?
Hearing / auditory, processing sound.
What is the medulla, and what does it do?
The base of the brain stem or the the lowest part of the brainstem, connecting the brain to the spinal cord,
Its essential for survival and controls heartbeat and breathing.
What is the refractory period?
Period of inactivity after a neuron has been fired.