Cell Structures
What is the cell part that controls what enters and exits the cell?
The cell membrane
What structure in plant cells allows them to make their own food?
The chloroplast
What is the simplest level of organization in living things?
The cell
What is homeostasis?
The process by which an organism maintains a stable internal environment.
What is the function of the mitochondria in the cell?
To produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
Which part of the cell is responsible for controlling all activities?
The nucleus
Name a structure present in both plant and animal cells.
The cell membrane (or nucleus, cytoplasm)
What is a group of cells working together called?
A tissue.
How do humans regulate their body temperature to maintain homeostasis?
By sweating when it’s hot and shivering when it’s cold to maintain a stable body temperature.
Which organelle is responsible for producing proteins in the cell?
The ribosomes.
What substance inside the cell helps organelles move and function?
The cytoplasm
How does a plant cell differ from an animal cell in terms of storage?
Plant cells have large central vacuoles for water and nutrient storage, while animal cells have smaller vacuoles
Name all the levels of organization in a living organism, starting from cells.
Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism.
How do plants maintain water levels during dry periods?
Plants close their stomata to reduce water loss and conserve moisture.
What organelle helps break down waste materials in the cell?
Lysosomes.
What is the boundary that gives plant cells their shape and support?
The cell wall
Why do plant cells need a cell wall, but animal cells do not?
Plant cells need a cell wall to provide rigid structure and support, while animal cells are more flexible and rely on the cytoskeleton for support
Give an example of how tissues work together in the body.
Muscle tissues work with nerve tissues to allow movement.
Explain how the body’s immune system helps maintain homeostasis.
The immune system detects and fights infections, keeping the body free of pathogens and maintaining health.
How does the Golgi apparatus ensure materials get to the correct place in the cell?
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles to transport them to the correct locations.
Describe the function of the cell membrane in terms of maintaining cell health.
The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, ensuring harmful substances stay out and essential nutrients come in, thus protecting the cell's internal environment.
Explain how chloroplasts and mitochondria work together in a plant cell.
Chloroplasts produce food (glucose) through photosynthesis, and mitochondria convert that food into energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
How does the nervous system rely on different levels of organization to send signals?
Cells like neurons work together to form nerve tissues, which are part of the nervous system. Organs like the brain and spinal cord receive and process signals to send appropriate responses to the body.
Describe how feedback loops help organisms stay balanced.
Feedback loops, like negative feedback in regulating body temperature, allow organisms to adjust their internal environment when it deviates from normal levels.
Compare the roles of the nucleus and ribosomes in a cell.
The nucleus contains the DNA, which directs cell activities and sends instructions to the ribosomes, which are responsible for assembling proteins based on these instructions.