Greek/Latin Roots/Affixes
Read the sentence below.
Since a standard showerhead has a water flow of 2.2 gallons per minute, each shower uses 18 gallons of water!
What is the meaning of the word standard as it is used in this sentence?
A) A model or example established by general consent.
B) A long, narrow tapering flag that is personal to an individual or corporation.
C) A musical composition.
D) A structure built for or serving as a base or support.
A) A model or example established by general consent.
What is a rhetorical device?
A device writers use to make their argument appeal to readers.
What does author's purpose mean?
An author's reason for writing.
What is an argument?
Expresses an opinion or point of view about a debatable topic and consists of a claim supported by reasons and evidence.
Read the sentence below.
“A lot of energy is used to carry every gallon of water you use from a drinking water source to a treatment plant that makes it safe to drink.”
The word treatment comes from the Latin word “tractare” meaning “manage, handle, deal with, conduct oneself toward” and the suffix -ment, meaning “state of being; act of”. Based on this, what is the meaning of treatment as it is used in the sentence?
A) the act of pulling or dragging something
B) the act of controlling or operating something
C) the application of remedies or medicines to cure something
D) the act of celebrating or entertaining something or someone
B) the act of controlling or operating something
What is a rhetorical appeal?
A writing or speaking technique that helps make an argument more persuasive.
What does author's perspective mean?
The author's attitude toward a topic or subject.
What is a claim?
Read the sentence below.
Because trees are sensitive to local climate conditions, such as rain and temperature, they give scientists some information about that area’s local climate in the past.
What is the meaning of the word sensitive as it is used in this Paragraph?
A) calling for tact, care, or caution in treatment
B) readily changing price or demand
C) easily affected or changed by various agents
D) concerned with highly classified information
C) easily affected or changed by various agents
What is deductive reasoning? Give an example.
Beginning with the general and moving to something specific. EX: All dogs have four legs, Fido is a dog, therefore, Fido has four legs.
What does the "P" in the acronym P.I.E stand for?
To persuade.
What are reasons?
Explanations or justifications for the claim and answer the question, "why does the writer or speaker believe in their claim?"
Read the sentence below.
“The light-colored rings represent wood that grew in the spring and early summer, while the dark rings represent wood that grew in the late summer and fall.”
The word represent comes from the Latin word repraesantare meaning “to place before, make present”. Based on this, what is the meaning of represent as it is used in the sentence?
A) to give an opinion or point of view
B) to hide or shun from others.
C) to gift or provide benefits to others
D) to display or illustrate
D) to display or illustrate
What is pathos?
Appealing to someone's emotions.
What does the "I" in the acronym P.I.E stand for?
To inform.
What is evidence?
Facts, statistics, numerical data, quotes, examples, and expert opinions that support a claim.
Read the following sentence.
Based on the reasons stated above, it is imperative that we protect the world’s forests.
What does the author’s use of the word imperative tell you about protecting forests? Select the best option.
A) It is helpful to life on our planet to protect the forests of the world.
B) It is important to know about protecting forests, but not to act.
C) It is somewhat important that we protect forests.
D) It is extremely important to protect forests.
D) It is extremely important to protect forests.
Appealing to credibility or shared beliefs/values.
What does the "E" in the acronym P.I.E stand for?
Why do arguments include a counterclaim/counterargument?
To acknowledge that the other side exists but to prove that the author's side is stronger with reasons and evidence.