Gideon v. Wainwright
This Florida man was charged with breaking and entering but was denied a court-appointed lawyer because the state only provided them in capital cases.
Who is Clarence Earl Gideon?
This amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
What is the 4th Amendment?
This two-word phrase refers to legal protections, such as fair trials and legal counsel, that the government must follow before depriving someone of life, liberty, or property.
What is due process?
In a criminal case, the person accused of a crime is called this.
Defendant
The idea that certain rights, like privacy, exist even if they are not explicitly listed in the Constitution is supported by this amendment.
What is the 9th Amendment?
In Gideon v. Wainwright, the Supreme Court ruled that this constitutional amendment guarantees the right to an attorney in state criminal trials.
What is the 6th Amendment?
The principle that no one can be tried twice for the same crime, also known as double jeopardy, is found in this amendment.
What is the 5th Amendment?
This (non-required) Supreme Court case established that law enforcement must inform suspects of their rights before questioning.
What is Miranda v. Arizona?
In a civil case, the person bringing the lawsuit is called this.
Who is the plaintiff?
This term refers to the legal principle that states cannot pass laws that violate fundamental liberties in the Bill of Rights.
What is selective incorporation?
This legal principle, used in Gideon v. Wainwright, applies parts of the Bill of Rights to the states through the 14th Amendment.
What is selective incorporation?
This amendment guarantees a jury trial in civil cases where the amount in controversy exceeds $20.
What is the 7th Amendment?
If a person is arrested, they have the right to demand the government provide a reason for their detention in court, known as this Latin legal principle.
What is habeas corpus?
Crimes classified as this type of offense are more serious and typically result in harsher punishments, including prison sentences over a year.
What is a felony?
The Griswold v. Connecticut case along with other Supreme Court cases established that this right, though not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, is implied through several amendments.
What is the right to privacy?
In Gideon v. Wainwright, this amendment was used in conjunction with the 6th amendment to require states to provide legal counsel to defendants who cannot afford an attorney.
What is the 14th amendment?
This amendment protects against excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.
What is the 8th Amendment?
This legal rule prohibits the use of evidence obtained illegally in court.
What is the exclusionary rule?
A less serious crime, usually punishable by fines or jail time of less than a year, is called this.
What is a misdemeanor?
The legal doctrine that allows evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment to be excluded from trial is called this.
What is the exclusionary rule?
The ruling in Gideon v. Wainwright reinforced this broader constitutional principle, ensuring fair legal procedures for the accused.
What is due process?
This amendment ensures that rights not specifically listed in the Constitution are still retained by the people.
What is the 9th Amendment?
This exception allows police to question a suspect without reading them their Miranda rights if public safety is at immediate risk.
What is the public safety exception?
Rather than citizen vs. citizen, the government is always the "plaintiff" in this type of court case.
What is a criminal case?
This term refers to government actions that improperly intrude on people’s personal information, homes, or belongings without a warrant or probable cause.
What is search and seizure?