Learning Theories
Memory
Visual Perception and Culture
Social Cognition and Attitudes
Social Influence and Group Behaviour
100

This Russian physiologist discovered classical conditioning through his work on dogs

Who is Ivan Pavlov (1897/1902)?

100

he psychologists who proposed the working model of memory with the central executive and subsystems

Who are Baddeley & Hitch (1974)?

100

he researcher who found cultural differences in pictorial depth perception among African children

Who is Hudson (1960)?

100

The social psychologist who developed Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Who is Leon Festinger (1957)?

100

The experiment where college students adopted abusive roles as guards or prisoners

What is Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment (1971)?

200

The researchers who conditioned “Little Albert” to fear a white rat

Who are Watson & Rayner (1920)?

200

The researchers who studied context-dependent memory.

Who are Harry Grant et al. (1998)?

200

The researcher who found that some non-Western participants preferred split-style drawings  

Who is Deregowski (1972)?

200

The researcher who coined the Fundamental Attribution Error 

(when we attribute someone's behaviour to their personal characteristics) 

Who is Ross (1977)?

200

The researcher that measured obedience to authority using fake electric shocks

Who is Stanley Milgram (1963)?

300

The behaviourist who developed operant conditioning using reinforcement and punishment

Who is B.F. Skinner (1948)?

300

The conversion of a sensory input into a form capable of being processed and deposited in memory; the first stage of memory processing 

What is encoding?

300

The study that explored pictorial perception in a remote Ethiopian population

Who are Deregowski, Muldrow & Muldrow (1972)?

300

The study that found automatic activation of stereotypes can influence behaviour (elderly priming)

Who are Bargh, Chen & Burrows (1996)

300

This researcher conducted s series of line-length experiments demonstrating conformity

Who is Solomon Asch (1951)?

400

The psychologist who proposed that we learn by observing others’ behaviour and consequences

Who is Albert Bandura (1977)?

400

The researchers that demonstrated the levels-of-processing effect — deeper encoding leads to better recall

Who are Craik & Lockhart (1972)?

400

The study where participants’ interpretation of an ambiguous image (man/mouse) depended on prior context

Who are Bugelski & Alampay (1961)?

400

The theory that people derive part of their identity from the groups they belong to

What is Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979)?

400

The bystander-effect researchers who found people are less likely to help when others are present

Who are Darley & Latané (1968)?

500

The type of learning demonstrated when a person imitates rewarded behaviour seen in others

What is vicarious conditioning (Bandura)?

500

The study that showed students recalled more when learning and test conditions matched

What is Grant et al. (1998)?

500

The visual illusion that shows culture and environment can influence perception of depth and size

Who are Bugelski & Alampay (1961)?

500

The researchers who developed the framework describing psychological sense of community (membership, influence, fulfilment, shared emotional connection)

Who are McMillan & Chavis (1986)?

500

This social psychologist researched how social norms, obedience and conformity lead to behaviour change; key a study investigated the effectiveness of different sign types in preventing theft in a national park, which is used to explain injunctive and descriptive norms. 

Who is Robert Cialdini?

Injunctive norms are what people should do, based on their beliefs about what is approved or disapproved of, while descriptive norms are what people actually do, based on their observations of others' behaviors

1000

In Bandura’s follow-up to the Bobo Doll study, what variable did he manipulate to demonstrate vicarious reinforcement?

What is the model being rewarded or punished for aggression?

1000

The psychologists who developed the model of working memory in 1974, proposing that short-term memory is not a single unit but a system of multiple components.

Who are Baddeley & Hitch?

1000

Explain how cross-cultural research on perception supports the idea that visual perception is both biological and learned.

Because all humans share biological structures for vision, but cultural exposure to pictorial depth cues shapes interpretation (Hudson & Deregowski evidence).

1000

According to Festinger’s Cognitive Dissonance Theory, what is one way a person might reduce dissonance after acting against their beliefs?

Change their belief or attitude 

or 

Justify their behaviour  


(Cognitive dissonance is the mental discomfort experienced when a person holds two conflicting beliefs or when their actions don’t align with their beliefs.

1000

Milgram designed his study to investigate the behaviour of individuals after which major historical event?

What is the Holocaust?

He aimed to understand obedience to authority during the Holocaust, and how ordinary people could commit harmful acts under orders.