Penguins & Climate
What part of Earth do all penguins live in?
South of the equator / Southern Hemisphere
What is a democracy?
A system where people choose leaders through free and fair elections
The government protects rights and is accountable to the people
What is a law?
A rule that has been passed by the government.
What is hail?
A ball of ice that falls from a cloud.
What is one way U.S. citizens participate in government?
Voting (for leaders or laws).
Name one thing penguins have on their bodies that helps keep them warm.
Blubber or oily feathers
In which type of government is a king or queen the head of state?
A monarchy.
How does a bill become a federal law in the United States? Name two steps.
Idea becomes a bill
House of Representatives votes
Senate votes
President signs into law
Name one safety step the text recommends during a hailstorm.
Find shelter away from windows
If in a car, pull over and cover yourself with a blanket
Where did people long ago meet and vote on rules, according to the text?
Ancient Greece
What is the name for temperatures getting warmer all over Earth?
Global warming
How is a republic different from a direct democracy, according to the text?
A republic elects representatives to make decisions for the people
A direct democracy has people vote on decisions directly
Give one example from the text of a law that helps keep people safe.
Seat belt laws (also speed limits).
Where are sandstorms and dust storms most common?
Deserts
What does it mean to represent other citizens?
To be elected to speak and make decisions for other people
An elected official acts on their behalf
Why do Emperor penguins keep eggs on their feet?
They keep eggs on their feet with part of their stomach covering the egg to keep it warm until it hatches.
What kind of government is ruled by religious leaders and guided by religious laws?
A theocracy.
What is a right, as defined in the text?
Something a person is legally allowed to have, get, or do (example: freedom of speech).
What can sandstorms and dust storms do that makes them dangerous for health and farming?
Make it hard to see
Cause breathing problems
Spread disease
Cause erosion and crop damage
Name two things citizens can do if they want to be part of government.
Run for office (ask others to vote for them)
Vote for leaders or laws
Explain two problems that melting Antarctic ice causes for penguins.
Melting ice makes flat ice thinner and break apart, reducing safe places for eggs and chicks
Melted ice adds water to the ocean, raising sea level and forcing penguins to move south
Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of communism as given in the text.
Advantage: aims for equal sharing of resources
Disadvantage: strong central power can limit individual freedoms
Explain how laws help keep society running smoothly.
Laws prevent harmful actions and keep people safe (seat belts, speed limits)
Laws help solve problems through courts and judges, and ensure fairness so there is order rather than chaos
Describe two ways families can prepare for natural disasters.
Have emergency supplies (food, water, batteries, medicine)
Charge electronics and have flashlights
Know shelter locations and practice getting there
Cover windows with strong boards
Have a radio and canned food for outages
Explain why participating in government is called “the job of all Americans.”
Participating is everyone's job because citizens vote to choose leaders
Citizens follow laws to keep the country safe and fair
Citizens can run to represent others
These actions make the government accountable and protect rights