Chapter 1
Name the 3 Domains of Life
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
A pH of 3 is considered to be….
Acidic
**Dice Roll**
What type of bond links complementary base pairs together in a nucleic acid polymer?
Hydrogen Bonds
Bonus Point Madness: +1 extra point for completion
1) What cell structure is the site of translation & protein synthesis?
2) Name the specific component that makes them different in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes
Ribosomes; Large & small ribosomal subunits
WILD WOMBAT CHALLENGE
Accept: +4 points to your group; the entire group must complete the challenge to the instructor's satisfaction
Decline: Force another group to accept the challenge, BUT they get double points (and you get none)
Your group must strut one lap around the room as ducks to "The Duck Song". There must be wing flapping, squonking, and a proper duck waddle.
Now, waddle away, waddle waddle.
What is considered the smallest unit of life?
Cell
(2 Answers. Name the subatomic particle, PLUS the number, No extra points)
The first valence shell requires _______ to be filled, while the second valence shell requires _____ to be filled.
First shell: 2 electrons
Second shell: 8 electrons
Bonus Madness! +1 extra point for correct answers
1) Name all the nitrogenous bases found in both nucleic acid polymers (designate them properly)
2) Match them with their complementary bases
DNA: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
RNA: Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
DNA: A--T, G---C
RNA: A--U, G---C
Name the two organelle components of Mitochondria & Chloroplasts that give strong evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory
Prokaryotic Circular DNA
Prokaryotic Ribosomes
Name and describe the two types of bulk transport used to move items in/out of the cell
Endocytosis- Bringing extracellular items into the cell
Exocytosis- Exporting cell products & waste to the extracellular space
Bonus Point Madness! +2 extra points for correct answer
Name the correct order of biological classification from largest to smallest
(ex. how organisms are classified into evolutionary trees)
Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus, Species
WILD WOMBAT CHALLENGE
Accept: +4 points to your group; the entire group must complete the challenge to the instructor's satisfaction
Decline: Force another group to accept the challenge, BUT they get double points (and you get none)
Your entire group must do a VERY CONVINCING Spongebob Squarepants improvisational dance to "Jellyfish Jam" for 15 seconds. You have 30 seconds to prepare.
https://youtu.be/H9Awp8SC2CY?si=4g7SzUmLq8YL2Sm1
The type of chemical reaction between two monomers that builds a larger polymer molecule, resulting in a loss of water is called ______.
Dehydration Synthesis
**DICE ROLL**
Name and define the two methods of bulk transport the cell uses to move materials in and out of the cell
Endocytosis: Bringing extracellular material inside the cell
Exocytosis: Transporting cellular material to the extracellular environment
Bonus Point Madness! +1 extra point for completion
Considering the chemical structure of ATP, what makes it such a high-energy compound, yet unable to be stored by cells?
Two terminal phosphate groups are held by high-energy bonds, but unstable
The mechanism that explains how species change over time & give rise to new species is…..
Natural Selection
**Dice Roll**
This type of reactions breaks polymers down into monomers using water
Hydrolysis
(2 Answers, 1 point each)
Regarding water, a molecule that is polar on one end and nonpolar on the other end is called _____.
Name one example of this type of molecule.
Amphipathic; Phospholipids
Which organelle acts as the organizational center for the cytoskeleton components and microtubules that stabilize the cell?
Centrosome (Centrioles)
**DICE ROLL**
Alternate sites outside of the enzymatic active site involved in noncompetitive inhibition are called...
Allosteric sites
**DICE ROLL**
A scientific explanation for a particular phenomenon that has been repeatedly tested, peer reviewed, and has such ample evidentiary support that it is generally accepted by the scientific community
Scientific Theory
**DICE ROLL**
Correctly match the subatomic particle to its corresponding charge AND location:
Proton, Neutron, Electron
Neutral, Positive, Negative
Nucleus, Orbiting nucleus
Proton: Positive, Nucleus
Neutron: Neutral, Nucleus
Electron: Negative, Orbiting nucleus
Bonus Point Madness! +2 extra points for correct full answer.
Name the 4 classes of biomolecules (biochemical macromolecules) AND their monomers+polymers
Lipids: Fatty acids, no polymer
Carbohydrates: Monosaccharide, Polysaccharide
Proteins: Amino acid, polypeptide
Nucleic Acids: Nucleotide, DNA/RNA (Nucleic Acids)
__________is the movement of solute across a membrane, whereas ______ is the movement of water across a membrane
Diffusion, Osmosis
In terms of Free Energy, degradation reactions using hydrolysis are considered exergonic. Why?
The high-energy reactants are being broken down to form lower energy products