Neurosciences
This neurotransmitter is primarily associated with reward and motivation and is deficient in Parkinson's disease.
What is dopamine?
This cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell.
What is Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory Nerve)?
This class of drugs can provide rapid relief for panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
What are benzodiazepines?
This reflex in newborns causes the baby to turn its head toward the side that is touched.
What is the rooting reflex?
This defense mechanism redirects feelings from threatening objects to safer substitutes.
What is displacement?
This protein, which accumulates abnormally in Alzheimer’s disease, leads to neurofibrillary tangles and contributes to neuronal death.
What is tau?
This neurological condition is characterized by unilateral facial paralysis and is often associated with viral infections.
What is Bell’s palsy?
This atypical antipsychotic is known for having a low risk of extrapyramidal symptoms but has a higher risk of causing low blood pressure.
What is clozapine?
This term refers to the discomfort people experience when holding two contradictory beliefs or attitudes.
What is cognitive dissonance?
This term describes learning that occurs by watching the actions and consequences of others' behaviors.
What is observational learning?
This structure, located in the midbrain, is involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and has a major role in arousal and consciousness.
What is the reticular activating system?
This neurological condition involves brief, sudden lapses in attention and is most commonly seen in children.
What is an absence seizure?
This partial agonist at 5-HT1A receptors is commonly used to treat generalized anxiety and has a delayed onset of action.
What is buspirone?
This cognitive milestone typically develops by age 4-5 and refers to understanding that others have thoughts, beliefs, and perspectives different from one's own.
What is theory of mind?
This term describes the bias where individuals overestimate their ability to predict an outcome after the event.
What is hindsight bias?
This brain structure, part of the diencephalon, serves as a major relay center for sensory information, except for olfaction.
What is the thalamus?
This condition is characterized by rapid onset of areflexia and ascending weakness, typically following a viral infection or vaccination.
What is Guillain-Barré syndrome?
This antidepressant is a CYP2D6 inhibitor and may cause cardiac birth defects.
What is paroxetine?
According to Bowlby’s attachment theory, a securely attached child will exhibit this behavior when separated from their primary caregiver in a strange environment.
What is distress upon separation but comfort upon reunion?
This phenomenon is when individuals are less likely to help a victim when others are present.
What is the bystander effect?
Damage to this section of the frontal lobe in the dominant hemisphere, results in expressive aphasia.
What is Broca’s area?
A stroke affecting this artery can cause "locked-in syndrome," where a patient is conscious but unable to move or communicate due to quadriplegia and facial paralysis.
What is the basilar artery?
This type of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) electrode placement is associated with fewer cognitive side effects but may require more treatment sessions to be effective.
What is right unilateral ECT?
This stage in Erikson’s theory occurs during middle adulthood and focuses on individuals’ desire to contribute to society through work, creativity, and family.
What is generativity vs. stagnation?
This personality trait is an independent risk factor for the development of a high number of somatic symptoms.
What is neuroticism?