A government, business or institution's inability to function at a normal level due either to complex or conflicting procedures within the administrative framework
What is gridlock?
100
this clause prohibits the abridgment of respecting citizens' freedom to worship or not to worship as they please
What is the free exercise clause of the 1st Amendment (Freedom of Religion)?
100
his political process occurs once a decade after every census
What is reapportionment?
100
the power to judge the constitutionality of a law or government regulation
What is judicial review?
100
prevent excessive bail and unusual punishment.
What is Amendment 8 of the Constitution?
200
a government in which one party controls the White House and a different party controls one or both houses of Congress.
What is divided government.
200
his legal concept means that the Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of Rights
What is the incorporation doctrine?
200
established in the Constitution make public policy
What are the Congress, the president, and the courts?
200
applied the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to require states to provide counsel to anyone charged with a felony who was too poor to afford a lawyer.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
200
a court order requiring government officials to present a prisoner in court and to explain to the judge why the person is being held.
What is Writ of Habeas Corpus?
300
may enforce the Constitution, treaties, or legislative statutes, or they may establish or modify rules and practices of executive administrative agencies
What is executive order?
300
commerce clause Court case
What is Gibbons v. Ogden?
300
the ideological difference between men and women, especially on social issues
What is the gender gap?
300
the Court banned the use of a prayer written by the New York State Board of Regents
What is Engle v. Vitale?
300
prohibits abuse of "life, liberty, or property"
What is Due Process Clause?
400
Seceral subordinates, cabinet officers and committees report directly tothe president on different matters
What is ad hoc structure?
400
these are the main source of federal aid to state and local governments; these grants can be used only for one of several hundred specific purposes
What are categorical grants?
400
Social Security benefits; more "settled"; limited income
What are the reasons more senior citizens vote more than anyone else?
400
established that speech would have to be judged as inciting "imminent" unlawful action in order to be restricted.
What is Brandenburg v. Ohio?
400
right to vote
What is suffrage?
500
name 3 of the formal constitutional powers of the presidency
What is the Chief Legislator, Chief of the Party, Chief Executive, Chief Administrator, Chief Diplomat, Chief of State, Commander in Chief?
500
principle of this court case was that the national government has certain implied powers that go beyond its enumerated powers
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
500
favor free market solutions; are supportive of prayer in schools; more likely to support military intervention around the world
What is conservative ideology?
500
the Supreme Court ruled that direct state aid could not be used to subsidize religious instruction
What is Lemon v. Kurtzman?
500
wives did not have a separate legal status from their husbands and could not control their own property unless specific provisions were made before marriage, they could not file lawsuits or be sued separately, nor could they execute contracts.