UE Veins
A nurse is inserting an IV in the lateral aspect of the forearm. Into which superficial vein is she most likely inserting the catheter?
What is the cephalic vein?
This subclavian artery branch gives rise to the suprascapular artery and helps supply the thyroid, cervical, and scapular regions.
What is the thyrocervical trunk?
The brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of which spinal nerve roots?
What are C5 through T1?
Which nerve is vulnerable to injury in inferior dislocation of the humeral head?
What is the axillary nerve?
Which paired arteries supply the cervical vertebrae and also contribute to blood flow to the brain?
What are the vertebral arteries?
A medical student is tracing venous return from the arm to the heart. What is the correct order starting from the axillary vein?
What is axillary → subclavian → superior vena cava?
An artery that passes over the superior transverse scapular ligament and supplies the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles may be compromised in shoulder trauma. Which artery is this?
What is the suprascapular artery?
How many trunks are formed in the brachial plexus after the merging of the ventral rami? What are the trunks called?
What are three trunks? (Superior, Middle, and Inferior)
Injury to this nerve, often from a medial epicondyle fracture, causes claw hand and hypothenar wasting.
What is the ulnar nerve?
A patient has a compression fracture at T8. Which arteries supply this region of the vertebral column?
What are the posterior intercostal arteries?
During surgery, a vein is observed running medially along the upper arm, uniting with a deeper brachial vein. This is characteristic of which vessel?
What is the basilic vein?
During shoulder surgery, the subscapular artery is seen branching into two arteries. Name both branches.
What are the circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries?
Each of the three trunks of the brachial plexus splits into two divisions. What are these divisions called, and what do they generally supply?
What are the anterior and posterior divisions — anterior divisions supply flexor compartments, and posterior divisions supply extensor compartments?
A child falls on an outstretched hand and sustains a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. He develops thenar wasting and "ape hand" deformity. Which nerve was injured?
What is the median nerve?
A metastatic prostate cancer is found to have seeded into lumbar vertebrae. Which arteries likely carried tumor emboli into the vertebral bodies?
What are the lumbar arteries and their equatorial branches?
During venipuncture, a nurse selects a superficial vein that connects the lateral and medial veins of the forearm within the cubital fossa. This vein is favored for its accessibility and stability due to surrounding fascia. What is the name of this vein, and which two veins does it connect?
What is the median cubital vein, and it connects the cephalic and basilic veins
A surgeon ligates the second part of the axillary artery during a procedure. Which two branches arise from this segment and may be affected?
What are the thoracoacromial artery and lateral thoracic artery?
The lateral, posterior, and medial cords of the brachial plexus are named based on their position relative to which anatomical structure?
What is the axillary artery?
A patient presents with weakness in shoulder abduction and elbow extension after a deep stab wound to the posterior axilla. Which part of the brachial plexus is most likely injured?
What is the posterior cord?
A tumor in the pelvic region spreads to the vertebral column via arterial pathways. Which pelvic arteries are responsible for vertebral perfusion in this region?
What are the iliolumbar, lateral sacral, and medial sacral arteries?
A patient with a penetrating injury to the mid-arm presents with deep venous bleeding. Imaging shows disruption of a vein that lies posterior to the brachial artery and gives rise to paired deep veins of the forearm. Which vein is most likely injured?
What is the posterior brachial vein?
A patient with trauma to the distal humerus is found to have disrupted collateral blood flow. Which two arteries likely provided collateral circulation around the elbow?
What are the superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries?
A patient with a penetrating injury to the posterior axilla presents with wrist drop and loss of elbow extension. Which terminal branch of the brachial plexus is most likely injured?
What is the radial nerve?
A rock climber suffers a fall and develops complete loss of thumb opposition, loss of pronation, and thenar wasting. What syndrome is suggested, and what nerve is involved?
What is carpal tunnel syndrome affecting the median nerve?
During pelvic surgery, a surgeon inadvertently ligates arteries supplying the sacrum. Which three named arteries could be responsible for resulting sacral vertebral ischemia?
What are the iliolumbar, lateral sacral, and medial sacral arteries?