Blends & Digraphs
Vowel Teams & Diphthongs
Bossy R (R-Controlled Vowels)
Heart Words (Irregular Spellings)
100

This two-letter digraph makes a quiet sound like in the word "ship."

/sh/

100

This "silent" letter sits at the end of a word to make the middle vowel say its name.

Silent E (or Magic E)

100

This is the sound a pirate makes.

AR

100

Why do we call these "heart words?"

You have to know them by HEART!

200

These two letters make the /k/ sound, but only come at the end of a short vowel word.

CK

200

These two vowels together usually make the long /A/ sound in the middle of a word.

AI

200

These three different R-controlled combinations all make the /er/ sound.

ER, IR, UR

200

In the word "said," this part is the "tricky" part that doesn't follow the normal AI rule.

AI (making the /e/ sound)

300

What are the vowels teams that make the /aw/ sound?

aw, au, augh, ough

300

This vowel team is often used at the end of a word to make the long /A/ sound.

AY

300

This combination makes the sound heard in "fork" or "storm."

OR
300

This 4-letter heart word sounds like it should start with "W-U," but it’s actually spelled with an "O."

once

400

These three letters work together to make the /ch/ sound.

TCH

400

These are the two ways to spell the /oi/ sound.

OI and OY

400

This specific /er/ spelling is almost always used for the ends of words.

ER

400

In the word "they," these two letters make the long /A/ sound.

EY

500

What are the ways to spell long E?

e, y, ee, ea, ey, e_e

500

This vowel team makes two sounds: the "cool" sound and the "look" sound.

OO

500

When "W" comes before "OR," as in the word "work," it actually makes this sound.

/er/

500

This 2-letter word sounds like it should end in OO but it ends in O.

do