Research Methods
A test that measures what it claims to measure
Validity
Brain area for forming new long-term memories
Hippocampus
Manual used to diagnose disorders in the U.S.
DSM-5
People less likely to help when others are around
Bystander effect
Memory capacity “7 ± 2”
Miller’s magic number
A study of one person or a very small group
Case study
Cells that support and protect neurons
Glial cells
Depression + hypomania, but no full mania
Bipolar II disorder
1950s line-judgment study showed this
Conformity
Mental shortcuts that allow fast thinking
Heuristics
The variable measured in an experiment
Neurotransmitter linked to reward and motivation
Dopamine
Intrusive thoughts followed by ritualistic behaviors
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Dispositional over situational explanations of others’ behavior
Fundamental attribution error
Inability to form new memories after injury
Anterograde amnesia
Neither participants nor researchers know who is in which group
Double-blind study
“Rest and digest” branch of nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Therapy focused on restructuring thoughts
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
Attitude change to reduce belief conflict
Cognitive dissonance theory
Facts and general knowledge memory
Semantic memory
Committee that oversees research ethics
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
Area in frontal lobe controlling voluntary movement
Motor cortex
Most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia
Auditory hallucinations
Improved performance on easy tasks, worse on difficult tasks
Social facilitation
Distorted recall caused by misleading information
Misinformation effect