Models of Voting Behaviour
What model suggests voters choose based on party affiliation?
The Party Identification Model
Name one demographic factor that voters cannot change, which influences voting behaviour.
Age
What is the term for media shaping public perception of political issues?
Agenda-setting
What is the main objective of political advertising during campaigns?
To persuade voters
In which decade did the widespread use of television begin to impact election outcomes in major democracies?
The 1960s
What model focuses on voters selecting candidates whose policies most closely match their own views?
The Issue Voting Model.
Which social factor often aligns with party preference?
Social Class
Which phenomenon occurs when the media influences which issues are considered important?
Priming
Name one traditional method candidates use to reach voters
Door-to-door canvassing.
Which famous debate marked a turning point in media’s influence on US presidential elections?
The 1960 Kennedy-Nixon debate
What is the name of the model that suggests voters are influenced primarily by candidates’ personalities and image?
The Candidate-Centered Model
Which term refers to the influence from colleagues, friends, and family on one's voting decision?
Peer group influence
What term describes the media’s ability to affect how political issues are interpreted by the public?
Framing
What is the term for using social networks and online platforms during elections?
Digital campaigning
What recent phenomenon involves spreading political messages rapidly via platforms like Twitter and Facebook?
Social media amplification
What theory argues that voters make decisions based on evaluations of past government performance?
The Retrospective Voting Model
What do we call the process by which voting preferences are shaped by long-term loyalty?
Partisan alignment.
What is the impact of negative media coverage on voter trust called?
Media Cynicism
What do we call short, memorable statements used in media campaigns?
Sound bites
Which UK election is often cited for high media impact on public opinion, especially newspapers?
The 1992 UK general election.
Which model incorporates factors like socialization, attitudes, and psychological attachment to parties?
The Sociological Model
at is the phenomenon where voters switch their party support over time?
Partisan dealignment
Name the effect in which heavy media coverage of a candidate increases their visibility but not necessarily positive opinion.
The Visibility Effect
What strategy targets specific voter groups with tailored messages?
Microtargeting
Name the political effect where last-minute news stories influence elections disproportionately
The October Surprise