Highway Capacity Manual
Yearbook
Traffic Signals
Colors
The Streets
100

This term is a group of vehicles or pedestrians traveling together as a group.

What is a platoon?

100

This is the year the most recent Highway Capacity Manual was published.

What is 2022?

100

The part of the signal cycle allocated to any combination of traffic movements receiving the right-of-way simultaneously during one or more intervals.

What is a phase?
100

This is the background color for Do Not Enter and Wrong Way Signs.

What is red?

100

This is an unsignalized intersection with a circulatory roadway around a central island with all entering vehicles yielding to the circulating traffic.

What is a roundabout?

200

This is the space or time between two vehicles, measured from the rear bumper of the first vehicle to the front bumper of the second vehicle.

What is gap?

200

This is the year that the first AASHTO Green Book was published.

What is 1984?

200

This is a signal control in which the cycle length, phase plan, and phase times are constant.

What is pretimed or non-actuated signal?

200

This is the background color for warning signs.

What is yellow?

200

This functional category of a street allows trips of moderate length within a relatively small geographical area.

What is a minor arterial?

300

This is the crossing, merging, or diverging of two traffic movements at an intersection.

What is a conflict?

300

This is the year that the first HCM was published.

What is 1950?

300

This term is a set of lanes at an intersection that accommodates all left-turn, through, and right-turn movements from a given direction.

What is an approach?

300

This is the background color for guide signs.

What is green?

300

This is a major surface street with relatively long trips between major points, and with through-trips entering, leaving, and passing through the urban area. 

What is a principal arterial?

400

This is factor accounts for driver characteristics that differ from base conditions and their effects on traffic.

What is a driver population factor?

400

The Transportation Research Board was established in this year as the "National Advisory Board on Highway Research."

What is 1920?

400

This is the time at the end of a signal phase during which the movements served by that phase are not used by traffic because drivers decelerate and stop in response to a yellow indication.

What is lost time?

400

This is the background color for construction and maintenance signs.

What is orange?

400

These are interchanges in which freeway entry and exit ramps are separated at the street level, creating four intersections.

What are diverging/split diamond interchanges?

500

This is the condition in which the back of a queue extends beyond the available storage length.

What is queue spillback?

500
In this year, the Institute of Transportation Engineers was founded in Pittsburgh.

What is 1930?

500

This is the segment of the cycle length allocated to each phase or interval that may occur.

What is a split?

500

What is the background color for information signs related to motorist services and evacuation routes?

What is blue?

500

In Massachusetts, this is an unsignalized intersection with a circulatory roadway around a central island with all entering vehicles yielding to the circulating traffic.

What is a rotary?