Rocky Planets and Gas Giants
Stars
Moon 101
Black Holes and Exoplanets
100

The closest planet to the sun. 

Mercury! It's extreme temperature changes from very hot to very cold due to its rotation as well as lack of greenhouse gases (Gases help trap heat).

100

Definition of a star. 

A huge ball of hot glowing gases held together by its own gravity!

100

There are 8 stages of the Moon's illumination. These are called the...

Lunar Phases! Monitoring how the Moon changed in this way was the basis of some of our the earliest calendars.

100

The most common types of Black Holes.

Stellar and Supermassive Black Holes are the most common! (answering either one is correct)

200

Hellas Basin is a huge [Blank] on Mars. It is filled with dust that is responsible for the massive dust storms across the planet.

Crater! 

200

The place where baby stars are formed from a giant molecular cloud. 

A Stellar Nursery! Awww the little baby stars :D

200

The name of the first successful space mission ot bring and land people onto the moon. 

Apollo 11. it really did happen. trust. 

200

Another name for the point of no return. 

The Event Horizon! When crossed, the gravity inside the black hole is too strong for anything, such as light, to escape. 

300

The kind of rain that occurs on the planet Uranus. (i.e acid rain, rock rain, etc. It is not one of those though).

Diamond rain! Expensive.

300

When a Red Giant explodes and releases so much energy that it can shine brighter than an entire galaxy. 

Supernova! Make sure to wear your sunglasses folks...

300

The name for when the Sun is illuminating one entire side of the moon. (Remember your moon phases...)

A full moon! This is technically the real "half moon" since only the front-visible half is lit up. However, the back-half is still dark. That is the "dark side of the moon" if you have ever heard of that phrase. 

300

True or False: Black Holes are invisible so in order to detect them, we must analyze nearby matter and how it is affected by gravity and other forces. 

True! Black Holes are invisible because light cannot be reflected off of it. Remember, not even light can escape the singularity of a Black Hole. In order for us to see something, light must reflect off of it first. 
400

[Blank] is the condition of the air or atmosphere minute by minute, whereas [Blank] is weather over a long period of time in a specific area.

Weather, Climate! 

400

Hydrogen gas turns into this other element constantly in a process called nuclear fusion. 

Helium! The extreme heat and pressure of the core of the sun drives this reaction. 

400

The amount of moons that orbit our solar system. 

150! That's 15 x 10.. oh wait this isn't math minutes my bad. 

400

The name of the Black Hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. 

Sagittarius A!