The Kidney
Brings blood to the kidney
Renal Artery
A sterile urine specimen that is collected by needle aspiration through the abdominal wall into the bladder.
Suprapubic Aspiration
The unit that describes the acidity or alkalinity of a urine
pH
The presence of hemoglobin in the urine
Hemoglobinuria
Casts that contain RBC's, WBC's, or epithelial cells.
Cellular casts
Which picture is a cellular cast?
Microscopic filtering units in the kidney
Nephrons
A urine test that could be used in the court of law.
Chain of Custody
Normal products of fat metabolism that are normally not found in the urine.
Ketones
Caused by traumatic muscle injuries or beating/crushing injuries
Myoglobinuria
The least clinically significant casts and may increase in mild kidney irritation due to dehydration or physical exercise.
Hyaline casts
Which picture is a hyaline cast?
Bundle of capillaries that filter water, mineral salts, glucose, and metabolic products out of the blood.
Glomerulus
The preferred specimen for a urine culture.
Midstream Clean Catch
The measurement of the amount of dissolved substances in a solution compared to distilled water
Specific Gravity
The presence of white blood cells in the urine.
Pyuria
The most serious casts clinically and can indicate a shutdown of a portion of the kidney
Waxy cast
Which picture is a waxy cast?
The C-shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus
Bowman's Capsule
A urine specimen that is obtained when a patient is confined to bed or cannot urinate independently
Catheterized urine
The most significant result in detecting and diagnosing renal disease and is the matrix that is used to form casts.
Protein
The presence of red blood cells in the urine.
Hematuria
Casts that are a result of broken down cells within the cast or renal tubule
Granular cast
Substances the body needs are reabsorbed here
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
The urine is more concentrated in this specimen because it has been in the bladder for an extended period. This is usually collected for pregnancy tests.
First morning urine
This test will be positive if granulocytic white blood cells are present
Leukocyte esterase
The presence of glucose in the urine
Glycosuria
Indicate serious renal conditions that affect the glomerulus, They are fragile and often seen in fragments.
RBC cast