ICA Anatomy
The ICA demonstrates this kind of resistance waveform
What is low resistance
This is the vessel that is the first branch off of the aortic arch (excluding the coronary arteries) and bifurcates to form two major cerebrovascular vessels
What is the Brachiocephalic artery (or Innominate artery)
The peak systolic velocity of >125 cm/sec and the end diastolic velocity of <140 cm/sec characterizes a stenosis in what range of diameter reduction?
What is 50-79%
This is a carotid pathology that involves neurological deficits that occur intermittently and resolve within 24 hours
What is TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack)
The string of pearl sign is associated with this pathology
What is fibromuscular dysplasia
The four segments of the ICA are the cervical, _________, cavernous, and supraclinoid segments. This is the missing segment.
What is the Petrous segment
This is the first branch of the ECA
What is the superior thyroid artery
If we see a stenosis in the proximal/mid ICA, this is the doppler waveform appearance when we are sampling from the distal ICA
What is tardus parvus
This is the inability to speak
What is aphasia
This is the most common type of fibromuscular dysplasia
What is Medial fibroplasia
This is the first branch of the ICA
What is the Opthalmic artery.
This is the vessel the vertebral arteries arise from and they join together at the level of the Pons to form this vessel: (I need 2 answers)
What is Subclavian artery and Basilar artery
*** DAILY DOUBLE*** To R/o a subclavian steal we would image this vessel on the (ipsilateral/contralateral) side. (I need 2 answers)
What is vertebral artery on the ipsilateral side
Bilateral visual disturbances is a symptom more associated with this circulation.
What is posterior circulation
Narrowing in the first 2 years after a carotid endarterectomy is considered this:
What is neointimal hyperplasia
The cavernous segment is also known as the Carotid siphon due to its "S" shape. These are the two segments of the cavernous segment of the ICA
What are the Parasellar portion & the Genu portion (the bend)
*** DAILY DOUBLE*** This is a brief description of why the Circle of Willis has it's shape/function.
What is permits continuous perfusion of all parts of the brain should one source artery become occluded. (circular in shape - allows blood perfusion to anterior/posterior and left/right)
This term is used to described retrograde flow in the ECA to supply the ICA
What is choke lesion (bulb occluded)
This is the definition of auditory dysphasia
What is the inability to understand the spoken word (word deafness)
This is a form of arteritis affects medium/larger sized arteries (which may include the aorta) and typically affects elderly patients
What is Giant cell arteritis
These are the vessels the ICA bifurcates into at the circle of Willis (I need 2 answers and no abbreviations)
What are the Middle cerebral artery & Anterior Cerebral Artery
These are located in the Adventita layer of a vessel and supply blood flow to the blood vessel wall itself.
What is vasa vasorum
When sampling the Lt proximal ICA, the doppler picks up a peak systolic velocity of 180 cm/sec and an end diastolic velocity of 140 cm/sec. No tardus parvus is seen in mid or distal ICA and you notice your angle correct value is low, this is likely what is going on.
What is dopplering a tortuous vessel (no stenosis)
If a patient is experiencing hemiparesthesis of their right arm they are experiencing these symptoms and these are the vessels we would be looking at for these symptoms
What is numbness or tingling in their right arm Paresthesias and LEFT CCA & ICA (MCA and ACA but we can't see these through typical carotid exam).
This is a brief description of a carotid vessel stent
What is a synthetic catheter that is accessed through a peripheral vessel (usually common fermoral artery or brachial artery). The catheter is inserted into the vessel, a balloon is expanded to push the catheter up against the walls of the vessel. The catheter is adhered to the vessel walls and blood flow is able to flow through the vessel.