Anatomy of the Heart
The 4 chambers of the heart are:
What is: Right atrium, Right ventricle, Left atrium, Left ventricle
The normal heart rate range for an adult at rest is:
What is: 60-100 BPM
The dose for nitroglycerin is
What is: 0.4 mg
This is another name for a heart attack
What is: Myocardial Infarction
UNC EMS first went in service during the fall semester of what year:
What is: 2021
2 part question: Oxygenated blood travels through the _________ and is deposited into this chamber of the heart.
What is: The Left Atrium
2 part question: If you are providing ventilations to a pt undergoing a cardiac arrest, you should monitor _________ as it can serve as a performance marker and it can show if ________ has occurred.
What is: End-tidal Carbon Dioxide (ETCO2)
What is: Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC)
The minimum age at which you can administer aspirin is:
What is: 16 years old
2 part question: The three vitals associated with cardiac tamponade are __________, and this clinical presentation is also known as ______________.
What is: Hypotension, muffled heart sounds, JVD
What is: Beck's Triad
The acronym NSAIDS assess for spinal precautions and stands for
What is: Neurological deficit, Significant Mechanism of Injury, Altered Mental Status, Intoxication, Distracting Injuries, Spinal Exam/Tenderness
This layer of the heart is responsible for its contractile/pumping actions:
What is: The Myocardium
What is: (possible options) Dyspnea, nausea/vomiting, weakness/fatigue, and back/jaw pain
The contraindications for nitroglycerin are:
What is: Hypotension (systolic BP< 100 mmHg) and Recent use of Erectile Dysfunction Medication
This is a cardiac emergency in which the heart muscle is weakened to the point where it can't effectively pump blood, and can lead to pedal edema due to the flow of deoxygenated blood back into the body through the inferior vena cava. (be specific)
What is: Left-Sided Congestive Heart Failure
Jimmy is a 4-year-old with a fever of 101.6 F. If he weighs 15 kg, then we should provide ____ mL of Tylenol.
What is: 7.5 mL
These two structures close when the heart is in systole.
What are the: Tricuspid and Mitral Valves
Per our OCEMS protocols, if you find a HR of 45 BPM after your initial APGAR assessment, you should first:
What is: Provide Positive Pressure Ventilations using a BVM
2 part question: Two medications that we can administer whose main MOI can raise a patient's heart rate are _______, and the doses for an adult are _________:
What is: Epinephrine (0.3-0.5 mg), Albuterol (2.5-5.0 mg), Oxymetazoline (2 sprays)
Two abnormal cardiac rhythms that are considered shockable by an AED are
What are: Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib) and Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach)
Allowing for _________ during CPR increases the heart's preload and helps to maintain proper stroke volume during chest compressions.
What is: Full chest recoil
2 part question: The foramen ovale is located between these two chambers of the heart and bypasses which structure of the body
What is: Right and left atrium
What is: The lungs
The most common ECG finding for a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction is:
Doctors would likely prescribe a patient with eclampsia:
Hint: think of the symptoms associated with this condition
What is: Antidiuretic or Anticonvulsant medications
2 part question: Patients with this chronic cardiac arrhythmia are typically on blood thinners due to the risk of blood clot formation that can travel to the lungs leading to _____________.
What is: Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
What is: Pulmonary Embolism
Who did UNC basketball lose to in the NCAA tournament this year:
Who is: Ole Miss