IUGR is the second leading cause of perinatal mortality. This is the first.
What is Preterm Birth
100
Specific lack of this substrate in poor maternal weight gain is associated with IUGR.
What is protein.
100
Poor placentation predictive of IUGR can predate clinical disease and can be detected by Doppler US of this structure.
What is the uterine artery?
100
This is the best biometric US measurement to detect IUGR.
What is the AC?
100
Low dose aspirin has been shown to decrease the frequency of IUGR. This is the gestational age at which it should be initiated.
What is 12-14 weeks?
200
Optimal fetal growth and development is dependent on adequate delivery of maternal oxygen and nutrients. This is the flow rate (cc/min) of blood through the placenta at term.
What is 600 cc/min
200
A flat maternal response to this substrate can lead to up to a 20X increased risk of poor fetal growth.
What is glucose?
200
A decrease in the carotid or MCA Doppler index is called this in the setting of an IUGR fetus.
What is brain sparing?
200
This is the percentage of infants with a birthweight of <10% that are actually normally grown.
What is 70%?
200
This is the gestational age at which low dose aspirin should be stopped.
What is 34 weeks.
300
This is the structure where the preferential streaming of nutrient-rich maternal blood passes to get shunted to the fetal left ventricle, myocardium, and brain.
What is the ductus venosus?
300
This is the etiology for the vast majority of IUGR in singleton pregnancies.
What is placental insufficiency?
300
This early cardiovascular response to decreased blood flow allows redistribution of cardiac output to favor the left vantricle.
What is centralization?
300
This is the minimal time interval that one should perform growth scans.
What is 3 weeks?
300
24-72 hours after the first steroids dose is administered for fetal lung maturity, these are the BPP parameters which can be affected.
What are FHR (decreased variability), body movements (50% decreased), and fetal breathing (decreased).
400
(fetal weight in grams X 100/ (fetal length in centimeters)3)
What is the Ponderal Index?
400
Name 4 (of a possible 7) placental causes of IUGR.
What are: abruption, previa, circumvallate, mosaicism, acreta, hemangioma, and SUA.
400
These 2 arteries may have an increase in Doppler resistance during IUGR because they are more 'non-essential'.
What are the SMA and pulmonary arteries.
400
This is the percentage of fetuses with a single deepest pocket of amniotic fluid < 1 cm that are growth restricted.
What is 96%?
400
These are the 5 components of the BPP; also name the one which is a marker for chronic changes.
What are AFV (chronic changes), tone, movement, NST, breathing.
500
These two processes are thought to be responsible for asymmetric fetal growth.
What are 1) Decreased glycogen stores (decreased AC) 2) increased placental resistence (shunting to the head)
500
The gestational age at which twin pregnancies separate from the singleton growth curve.
What is 32 weeks?
500
In liver sparing, you can see dilation in this structure along with a decrease in the hepatic artery index in order to get preferential supply to the hepatocytes.
What is the ductus venosus?
500
This is the umbilical arterial Doppler waveform measurement with the smallest error and the most narrow reference limits.
What is the pulsatility index?
500
This abnormal Doppler index is the most strongly predictive of stillbirth.