Nationalism
This was the year of the Liberal Revolutions?
1848
Who is Prince Klemens von Metternich?
He was a conservative Austrian statesman and diplomat who was the host of the European balance of power congress known as the Congress of Vienna.
The king of Prussia who appointed Otto von Bismarck as his prime minister
Wilhelm I
Which German state was Bismarck the prime minister of?
Prussia
What type of people tried to suppress these Nationalist uprisings in Europe?
Conservatives
The congress of Vienna attempted to remove all traces of ______________ (event) and _____________ (person).
The French Revolution
Napoleon
The war in which Prussia fought Austria in order to separate Austria from Germany and end any chance for a united Germany under Austrian control
The Seven Weeks' War
What is Zollverein?
An economic agreement to bind the German states economically into a nation and abolishment of tariff barriers among member states.
Nationalist movements in Europe led to two movements? What are they?
Unification & Independence
Who were the 5 Great Powers in the COV?
Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France
What is the significance of the EMS Telegram?
Provoked France to start war
Triggered sense of Nationalism of all the German states (gained Bismarck support of southern states)
Completed the German unification (last step)
How many German states were in the German Confederation?
39 states
What two countries/political territories were created by COV?
German Confederation
The Netherlands
What is Realpolitik?
Bismarck's policy of real politics or practical solutions to reach the goal of unification despite moral considerations.
A policy in which the nation state has the right to pursue its own advantage by any means including by going to war.
What is the significance of the 2 states: Schleswig and Holstein?
Both were a step towards achieving German unification. They were used by Bismarck to provoke Austria into declaring war on Prussia, and eliminate Austria as an internal threat competing to unify the German states.
What 3 goals did Metternich have for the congress?
Restore order and stability to Europe, restore a balance of power, and restore Europe's monarchies, and pay back the Allies for their losses
Disucss two ways Bismarck used his policy of realpolitik.
Going to war 3 times, manipulating countries (getting rid of Austria's allies before the Seven Weeks' War), Changing the letter of the EMS telegram to start the Franco-Prussian War
Explain how Prussia's inherent strength along with Bismarck's scheming secured the unification.
Discuss the following:
Internal policies: Blood & Iron + Modernizing Prussia
External policies: Danish war + Austro-Prussian war + Franco Prussian war