Nephrology 1
Treatment of severe hypermagnesemia
IV saline and calcium
BP high in doctor's office, normal otherwise
White coat hypertension
Early ECG signs of hyperkalemia
Peaked T waves and shortened QT interval
Presence of pigmented or granular or muddy brown casts
Acute tubular necrosis
Kidney stone that develops with urine pH <5.5
Uric acid stones
Acceptable increase in serum creatinine when taking an ACE inhibitor
Up to 30%
ADPKD-associated intracranial manifestation
Aneurysms
PPI-related kidney disease
Tubulointerstitial nephritis
Postrenal AKI imaging tests
Ultrasonography or noncontrast CT
Diagnostic test for masked hypertension
Ambulatory or home BP monitoring
Compensation for metabolic alkalosis
1 mEq ↑ HCO3 results in 0.7 mm Hg ↑ Pco2
Imaging test for suspected nephrolithiasis in patients with negative ultrasound
Noncontrast helical CT
Infection most commonly associated with cryoglobulinemia and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Hepatitis C
Diagnostic test for lupus nephritis
Kidney biopsy
BP threshold to begin treatment in pregnant patients with chronic HTN
SBP ≥140 mm Hg or DBP ≥90 mm Hg
Diagnostic tests for IgA vasculitis
Kidney or skin biopsy
First-line treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Medical management
Medication to prevent preeclampsia in pregnant patients at high risk
Aspirin starting after 12 weeks of gestation
Hallmark urinalysis findings in the nephritic syndrome
Dysmorphic erythrocytes, erythrocyte casts
Hypertension management for DKD
ACE inhibitor or ARB
Most common genetic markers for ADPKD
PKD1 and PKD2 genes
Preferred therapy for ESKD that increases duration and quality of life and decreases costs
Kidney transplantation
Glycosuria, phosphaturia, aminoaciduria, hypouricemia, RTA
Fanconi syndrome
Diagnosis that includes criteria for MGUS plus renal insufficiency
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance
Antibody associated with primary membranous nephropathy
Anti-PLA2R