Early Civs
Classical Era
South Asia
East Asia
Middle East
Religions/Philosophy
Africa/Americas/ Europe
100
This provided the primary economic foundation for civilization
Agriculture/Domestication of plants and animals
100
Which philosophy emerged as a proposed solution to the chaos of the warring states period and affected Chinese society with its high value on education, ritual, and upright behavior?
Confucianism
100
Which religion developed in India, and influenced its development because of its strict, hereditary caste system that determines an individual's social and economic status?
Hinduism
100
Name the central Confucian virtue of respecting and honoring one's superiors/ancestors, caring for one's inferiors, and placed a high value on rituals around that respect
filial piety
100
Which religion from the Middle East, founded by Muhammed, spread as both a religious and a political entity?
Islam
100
Which philosophy emphasized maintaining control through strict laws and surveillance
Legalism
100
Name the wars launched by European Christians to claim the Holy Land, which ultimately failed militarily but exposed Europe to luxury Muslim goods
Crusades
200
The Neolithic/Argricultural revolution caused a shift to labor-intensive farming which increasingly pushed women into domestic roles, resulting in a system where men hold primary power. What is that system called?
patriarchy
200
Which famous Indian dynasty ruled during the "Golden Age" of classical India, a period known for major advancements in science, math, art, and literature before fragmenting into competing Rajput kingdoms?
Gupta Empire
200
Which belief system was spiritual movement founded in ancient India by Siddhartha Gautama and spread through trade networks & patronage of King Ashoka?
Buddhism
200
At 1200, which dynasty was in power in China, continuing the golden age of cultural flourishing, technological innovation, and a commercialized economy that the preceding Tang Dynasty had started?
Song
200
Which religion from the Middle East kept a distinct cultural identity separate from surrounding societies?
Judiasm
200
What is the traditional, nature-based belief system unique to the cultural identity of Japan.
Shintoism
200
Which Mesoamerican civilization was, prominent from 1800 BCE to 250 CE, was comprised of sophisticated city-states with advanced engineering, planning, and civic organization.
Mayans
300
Rulers often used religion to justify their position of power. Name 2 examples rom the pre-classical Era
Pharaohs & Mandate of Heaven
300
After political division of the Roman Empire, its eastern half became known to modern historians as the ________ Empire.
Byzantine
300
During the classical era in India, despite fragmentation of the Gupta Empire into competing Rajput kingdoms, coastal India continued to generate immense wealth because of great knowledge of __________ facilitating lucrative trade on the Indian Ocean trade routes
Monsoon Winds
300
Name the concept in ancient China rulers were expected to rule justly and if a ruler became unjust or tyrannical, it would lead to natural disasters or societal unrest, justifying the rise of a new dynasty.
Madate of Heaven
300
Which religion began in the middle East as egalitarian, small house churches but evolved into a male-dominatedd, hierarchical system in Europe after 500 years?
Christianity
300
Which religion strongly encourages removing oneself from secular life to live in nature?
Daoism
300
In the Post-Classical world, Europe was governed by a fragmented system of decentralized feudal kingdoms marked by minimal trade, low literacy, and poor sanitation. With the exception of _________, which was a Muslim-ruled region in the Iberian Peninsula known for cultural tolerance, education, and trade
Al-Andalus
400
Identify the 4 river valley civilizations
Indus, Nile, Mesopotamia (Euphrates/Tigris), Shang China (Yellow)
400
The Qin and ________dynasties established the foundational structure of Imperial China. Unifying the country through strict centralization and fostering a golden age of prosperity,innovation, expansion, impressive architecture, and cultural achievement
Han
400
Disagreements over the Buddha's teachings led to the split of Buddhism into different groups and schools such as __________ and ___________
Mahayana and Theravada
400
Name the test, introduced during the Han dynasty, that beurocrats were required to pass, thus creating a meritocracy with social mobility
Civil Service Exam
400
Name the Caliphate that overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate, shifted its capital eastward, dominated trade and scholarship during the post-classical era, but by 1200 had heavily fragmented and been reduced to a small area around its capital of Baghdad
Abbasid Caliphate
400
What two religions both emerged from other religions that they had hoped to reform & offered women an escape from traditional gender roles by offering a life at a monastary?
Buddhism and Christianity
400
In Africa, during the Post-Classical Era, the Kingdom of ________ grew wealthy from Trans-Saharan Trade (but would decline by 1200), while __________grew wealthy from Indian Ocean Trade
Ghana & Great Zimbabwe
500
Name this writing system from the copper/bronze age
cuniform
500
Name 3 things that roads facilitated the movement of
(1) Merchants/trade (2) militaries/soldiers (3) tax collectors/beurocrats
500
Name the 2 religions that both offered hope for final release from the cycle of rebirth.
Hinduism & Buddhism
500
Name the system of government that took hold in Japan at the end of the Post-Classical Era (late 1100s)
Military Feudal Shogunate
500
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all referred to as _________ religions, as they all decsend from the same from the same man
Abrahamic Religions
500
Following the death of Muhammad, _______ believed the leader of the Muslim community should be biologically related to the Prophet, but _______ thought the leader should be selected.
(1) Shia (2) Sunni
500
Mississippian culture covered much of North America and had a large, dense population that built massive earthen mounds. Name their largest city
Cahokia