BIAS
The tendency to search for and remember information that confirms our preexisting beliefs/opinions
Confirmation Bias
Where each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to either the experimental group or the control group.
Random Assignment
These are the group of people that are selected and will be used for the study
Sample
After an event occurred, we believed that we knew that that would happen beforehand
Hindsight Bias
In a caffeine reaction study, the experimental group receives a caffeine beverage and the control group is receiving a decaffeinated beverage - What would the decaffeinated beverage be considered?
Placebo
The relationship between the sample and the population and if the study results can represent the population it's directed to.
Generalizability
In a football game Michigan beat Ohio State and Sofia said "I knew they were going to win all along" - What kind of Bias does this represent?
Hindsight Bias
In a study, there's a hidden third variable that's interfering with the results?
Confounding Variable
When a researcher picks participants in a study based on who is closest to them and can easily pick.
Convenience Sample
Carly drinks energy drinks a lot because she says they're "good for her" - she goes to prove it to her friend when she looks it up on safari and only chooses to click the links that say energy drinks are good for you and ignores the links that say they're bad for you - what Bias does this represent?
Confirmation Bias
When the researchers and participants have no clue who’s in the E.G. or the C.G.
Double Blind Study
When the participants in a sample have identical characteristics to their population and can correctly represent them in the experiment.
Representative Sample
Everyone in Amanda's class is starting to study for the AP exam, When Amanda gets asked if she's studying by one of her friends, she says that she already knows everything for the exam and doesn't need to study - What Bias does this represent?
Overconfidence Bias
When a researcher is testing the effect of stimulants on people - to do this they give drugs that have an effect to the experimental group and drugs that don't have the effect to the control group, however, the control group shows the reaction because they were told their happiness was going to increase - what does this demonstrate?
Placebo Effect
When a researcher demonstrates any flawed sampling technique that produces a non-representative, non-generalizable sample in their study.
Sampling Bias