Heredity & the Environment
This term refers to the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
These are the two major subsystems of the body's nervous system.
What are the Central & Peripheral Nervous Systems?
This cluster of brain structures is primarily responsible for regulating emotions.
What is the limbic system?
This stage of sleep is characterized by vivid dreams.
What is Rapid Eye Movement or REM sleep?
This is the process of experiencing various stimuli from the environment.
What is sensation?
The proportion of variation in a trait within a population that can be attributed to genetic differences, as opposed to environmental influences.
What is Heritability?
This subdivision of the autonomic nervous system is also known as the "rest & digest" system.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
This limbic structure is crucial in the formation of new memories.
What is the hippocampus?
This results in impairments in cognitive functions like attention, decision-making, as well as increased levels of stress.
What is sleep deprivation?
The thalamus serves as a relay station for all sensory processes EXCEPT this one.
What is olfaction (smell)?
This issue caused much debate in early psychology regarding the influence of biology and the environment.
What is the nature & nurture issue?
These cells make up the protective coating around a neuron's axon that help to speed action potential.
What are glial or Schwann cells?
When this brain sturcture is damaged, individuals may experience difficulty in comprehending speech.
What is Wernicke's Area?
This sleep disorder is characterized by brief cessation of breathing throughout the duration of sleep.
What is sleep apnea?
This process converts environmental stimuli into neural signals that can be processed by the brain.
What is transduction?
These research studies allowed psychologists to highlight the roles of heredity and the environment; historically, these studies were much less ethical than those conducted in present day.
What are twin studies?
The three types of nuerons that make up the nervous system.
What are sensory, interneurons, and motor neurons?
This principle allows for patients of brain injury to recover despite damage to specific areas.
What is neuroplasticity?
This endocrine gland is light sensitive and releases the hormone that makes you tired.
What is the Pineal gland? BONUS: What is melatonin?
This process is the reason you may not notice the smell of your house when you walk through your front door.
What is sensory adaptation?
This refers to the changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence; ex. infants born who were in utero during the Dutch Hunger Winter grew up with higher likelihoods of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
What is epigenetics?
This neurotransmitter is most associated with learning, memory, and motor control. Many symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are due to the loss of these types of neurons.
What is Acetylcholine?
Damage to this structure would result in loss of motor skills, some learning, and balance & posture issues.
What is the Cerebellum?
This sleep stage, characterized by these specific brain waves, is also known for memory consolidation and healing. You must get both the stage and waves for points.
What is deep sleep; what are delta waves?
This law explains that the smallest difference in the intensity of a stimulus is not a constant value, but instead a constant proportion to the original stimulus intensity. Must name the law AND the concept for points.
What is Weber's Law & difference threshold (or just noticeable difference)?