Scientific Statistics
A hypothesis that states there is no difference between the control and experimental group.
What is a null hypothesis?
A term that describes a substance that interacts readily with water.
What is hydrophilic?
The general term for the single subunit of a biological macromolecule.
What is a monomer?
The monomer unit of carbohydrates, also called simple sugars with the basic chemical formula (C6H12O6).
What is a monosaccharide?
The term for the monomer of nucleic acids that contain a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.
What is a nucleotide?
A number expressing the central value in a set of data which is calculated by dividing the sum of the values by the total number.
What is a mean (average)?
The term used to describe a solution where there is not much solute compared to solvent.
What is dilute?
A chemical reaction where one or more water molecules are used to break covalent bonds of dimers or polymers of biomolcules.
What is hydrolysis?
The term for a lipid that has at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
What is unsaturated?
The process where ribosomes, rRNA, and tRNA assemble protein sequences from mRNA molecules.
What is translation?
A hypothesis that states there is a statistical difference between the control and experimental group.
What is an alternative hypothesis?
The term for the substance that is dissolved to make a solution.
What is a solute?
The level of protein folding that gives rise to protein function.
What is tertiary level?
The major functional group in carbohydrates.
What is a carbonyl group?
The level of protein structure characterized by local folding and hydrogen bonding to form α-helices and β-sheets.
What is secondary level?
The _________ variable is what you change in an experiment while the _________ variable is what you measure.
What is the independent variable and dependent variable?
These are the strong intermolecular forces created when a hydrogen atom from a nearby molecule attracts a nearby electronegative atom or molecule.
What are hydrogen bonds?
A type of RNA that helps align the mRNA molecule in the ribosome and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.
What is rRNA (ribosomal RNA)?
A class of lipid that has hydrophobic arms and a hydrophilic head and forms the bilayer in the plasma membrane of cells.
What is a phospholipid?
These nucleotides are considered pyrimidines in RNA.
What are cytosine and uracil?
Error bars on a graph represent this and if they overlap, the null hypothesis is accepted.
What is statistical significance?
The term for the unequal distribution of partial charges in a molecule that give it a negative charge on one side and a positive charge on the other side.
What is a dipole moment?
These are two of the names of the linkage bonds in biomolecules created by dehydration synthesis.
What are glycosidic bonds, peptide bonds, ester bonds, and phosphodiester bonds?
The term for unsaturated fats that are liquid at room temperature.
What is an oil?
The term for nitrogenous bases (adenine and guanine) with two carbon-nitrogen rings that contain amino functional groups.
What are purines?