Pavlovian Conditioning
Another term for associative learning; first discovered by Ivan Pavlov.
What is Classical Conditioning?
What is increase?
This happens to behavior when individuals experience punishment.
What is decrease?
"Monkey see. Monkey do."
What is Observational Learning?
This focuses on the mental processes involved in learning, including thinking, memory, and problem-solving.
What is Cognitive Learning Theory?
In Pavlov's experiments, he used food as this in order to elicit salivation in the dogs.
Starbucks' Star Rewards program is an example of this type of positive reinforcement system.
What is Token Economy?
After Marilyn was yelled at for talking in class, she quietly focused on her work.
What is Positive Punishment?
This influences behaviors through demonstration.
What is Modeling?
In this type of learning, information is acquired without reinforcement but only becomes obvious later when needed.
What is Latent Learning?
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that does not elicit a response is considered to be this.
What is neutral?
On Saturday, Hannah's mother tells her every 10 minutes to clean her room until Hannah finally cleans her room. The following Saturday, Hannah cleaned her room as soon as she woke up.
What is Negative Punishment?
This famous experiment found that individuals can learn to imitate violent behaviors by watching violence on television.
What is Bandura's Bobo Doll Experiment?
Latent learning is often demonstrated through the formation of these internal mental representations of the environment.
What are Cognitive Maps?
This type of classical conditioning is often used in a clinical setting to assist patients in overcoming specific phobias in a controlled setting.
What is exposure therapy/ counterconditioning?
When Ben acts up in class, his teacher yells at him. Ben always acts up in class.
What is positive reinforcement?
These differences may influence an individual's perception of punishment.
What is Cultural?
Name three of the cognitive processes play critical roles in whether an observed behavior will be copied.
What are attention, motivation, retention, or reproduction?
This type of learning occurs when someone suddenly finds a solution to a problem without needing a model, consequence, or prior association.
What is Insight Learning?
While extinction results in the cessation of a stimulus/ response pairing, this contradictory phenomenon may occur at random.
What is spontaneous recovery?
This schedule of reinforcement is least susceptible to extinction and often leads individuals to experience the gambler's fallacy.
What is Variable Ratio?
Behaviors that are punished always decrease.
What is Law of Effect?
These allow individuals to learn from the consequences of others' behaviors rather than their own. Observing a model being rewarded or punished can influence an observer's decision to adopt or reject that behavior, even without direct reinforcement or punishment.
What are Vicarious Experiences?
This type of learning happens when you actively seek new knowledge by researching new concepts, processes, and subjects.
What is Discovery Learning?