Indigenous Cultures & Early Encounters
This wild grass is considered the ancient ancestor of modern maize, which Indigenous peoples domesticated to provide a dependable food source.
What is teosinte?
Born in Roanoke, she holds historical significance as the first English child born in the American colonies.
Who is Virginia Dare?
Wampanoag leader Metacom led a major Native American alliance against English expansion in New England during this 1670s war.
What is King Philip’s War?
This economic philosophy held that colonies existed primarily to provide raw materials and economic benefit to the mother country.
What is mercantilism?
Proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754, this plan suggested creating a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies for defense.
What is the Albany Plan of Union?
This Pacific Northwest group was known for their plank houses, fishing skills, and extensive regional trade networks.
Who are the Chinook people?
These business ventures allowed multiple investors to share the financial costs and risks of establishing early English colonies.
What are joint-stock companies?
This 1630s conflict involved an alliance of English colonists and Indigenous allies fighting against a Native nation in New England.
What is the Pequot War?
Passed in 1765, this act required colonists to pay a direct tax on printed materials like legal documents and newspapers.
What is the Stamp Act?
This colonial group organized boycotts, protests, and active resistance against British policies and taxation.
Who are the Sons of Liberty?
This Southwest society was famous for building extensive canal and irrigation systems to farm the desert
Who are the Hohokam?
Established in Virginia, this body holds significance as an early form of representative government in the English colonies.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This 1676 uprising in Virginia highlighted tensions between wealthy planters and poorer colonists, leading to shifts in colonial labor systems.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
This 1764 act restricted the American colonies from printing or issuing their own paper money as legal tender.
What is the Currency Act?
This Bostonian famously rode to warn Massachusetts colonists that British military forces were advancing toward Concord.
Who is Paul Revere?
This powerful alliance of Six Nations in the upper New York area established a sophisticated system of cooperative government.
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
Signed aboard their ship in 1620, this document established an agreement for self-government among the Plymouth settlers.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
This 1739 South Carolina event was a major uprising of enslaved people seeking freedom.
What is the Stono Rebellion?
Reaffirming British power after repealing the Stamp Act, this 1766 act declared that Parliament had full authority to make laws binding the colonies.
What is the Declaratory Act?
This 1773 act gave the British East India Company a virtual monopoly on colonial tea sales, sparking widespread protest.
What is the Tea Act?
Archaeological evidence in Newfoundland proves this group reached North America centuries before Columbus.
Who are the Vikings?
Unlike Puritans who wanted to reform the Anglican Church, this group wanted to completely break away from the Church of England.
What are Separatists (or Pilgrims)?
The Treaty of Paris (1763) ended the French and Indian War, drastically altering North American territory. Name two ways this war reshaped relations between Britain and its American colonies.
What are: (1) Britain ending its period of salutary neglect / enforcing taxes/trade laws to pay war debt, (2) British troops remaining stationed in North America, or (3) Growing colonial resentment over British control and the Proclamation of 1763 restriction on western expansion?
Passed in response to the Boston Tea Party, these punitive acts aimed to isolate and punish Massachusetts for its colonial resistance.
What are the Coercive (or Intolerable) Acts?
These two Massachusetts towns became historical landmarks as the sites of the very first armed military clashes of the American Revolution.
What are Lexington and Concord?