Water
Which property of water contributes most to its stability to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules?
The polarity
The building blocks for carbohydrates are
What is the main function of lipids?
Energy storage
The bond between amino acids in the primary structure of a protein is referred to as a(n)
peptide bond
The two strands in a double helix of DNA are held by
covalent bonds
Water readily dissolves compounds that are
Hydrophilic
The carbohydrates cellulose and starch are functionally different due to the arrangement of their
monosaccharides
A triglyceride is made from
one glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules
Which level of protein structure is formed by peptide bonds between amino acids?
primary structure
Hydrogen bonds
What happens to the water in a dehydration reaction?
Water is released
Glucose is a common sugar. What reaction happens If two glucose molecules join by a covalent bond while at the same time releasing a water molecule
A dehydration synthesis reaction
Fatty acid molecules contain
a carboxyl group and a hydrocarbon tail
The fully folded structure of a functional protein composed of a single polypeptide chain is referred to as the
Tertiary structure
COVID-19 is a single-stranded RNA virus. Which molecules would most likely be found in a single-stranded RNA virus, such as COVID-19?
adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil, ribose
Polarity is due to differences in
electronegativity between atoms
What are the two polysaccharides that animals and plants store glucose?
Glycogen and starch
Thinking about the bonds. What best describes the differences between saturated and unsaturated lipids?
Saturated lipids have no C=C double bonds and the unsaturated lipids have at least one C=C double bond.
In an aqueous environment like cytosol, the most stable tertiary protein structure would have hydrophilic amino acids in which part of the protein's structure?
On the surface of the protein, interacting with water in the cytosol.
What characteristics make RNA different from DNA?
RNA is a single-stranded molecule and uses uracil instead of thymine.
How the structure of ice benefits the organisms that live in the water below?
The ice floats, maintaining the warmer, denser water at the lake bottom.
How do hydroxyl groups affect the properties of a simple sugar?
They increase the solubility of simple sugars
What part of a phospholipid molecule is hydrophilic?
The head (a phosphate group)
What are the two most common types of secondary structures?
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets
What bonds link the nucleotides in DNA?
Phosphodiester bonds