Parts of an Atom
What is the nucleus?
The central core of an atom, consisting of closely-packed protons and neutrons.
What is the difference between metals, metalloids, and non-metals?
A metal has metallic physical properties, such as, solids, shiny, good conductors, and high melting and boiling points. A non-metal has none of these characteristics. Metalloids have some, but not all of these characteristics.
What are alkali metals?
All metals that react with water to form alkaline solutions.
What is an element?
A substance made up of one type of atom, which cannot be broken down by chemical reaction to form a simpler substance.
What are some of the uses of noble gases?
Helium is used to fill balloons so they float, and it is mixed with oxygen for deep sea divers. Neon is used in neon signs and fluorescent light because it glows when electricity passes through it. Xenon and argon are both used in electric light bulbs and fluorescent tubes.
What is the electron shell?
Region of space around the nucleus of an atom where the electrons move around.
What happens when you go down a group?
As you go down a group the number of electron shells increases by one for each element.
What are transition metals?
Have certain properties in common- they are hard, tough, shiny, malleable, and ductile.
What all is included about an element in each periodic table square?
The Element name, element symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
Why are noble gases extremely unreactive?
Because they have a full outer electron shell.
What is the electron orbit?
A region where there can be either one or two electrons
What happens when you go across a period?
As you go across a period, the number of electrons increases by one.
What is a poor metal?
A group of metals that are soft and weak.
What is a group?
A column of elements in the periodic table that have similar properties, electron configurations and valencies.
What are two characteristics to all halogens?
Halogens are all nonmetals with seven electrons in their outer shell, meaning they can react to form ionic or covalent bonds. They are also typically strong oxidizing agents.
What is an octet?
A group of eight electrons in a single electron shell.
How are the elements on the periodic table organized?
The elements on the periodic table are arranged according to their atomic number.
What is a semimetal?
A group of elements that have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.
What is a period?
A set of elements that have the same number of electron shells, shown as rows in the periodic table.
As you go down the group of alkaline earth metals do they get more or less reactive?
More reactive
What are the three subatomic particles?
Proton, neutron, and electrons
How does the periodic table work?
The periodic table has element arranged horizontally in periods with increasing atomic mass. When you reach the end of a period it means that the element's outer electron shell is full.
What metal is the Statue of Liberty made of?
Copper
What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass number?
Atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and atomic mass number is the average mass number of the atoms in a sample of an element.
What are the first 20 elements of the Periodic Table?
1-H-Hydrogen, 2-He-Helium, 3-Li-Lithium, 4-Be-Beryllium, 5-B-Boron, 6-C-Carbon, 7-N-Nitrogen, 8-O-Oxygen, 9-F-Fluorine, 10-Ne-Neon, 11-Na-Sodium, 12-Mg-Magnesium, 13-Al-Aluminum, 14-Si-Silicon, 15-P-Phosphorus, 16-S-Sulfur, 17-Cl-Chlorine, 18-Ar-Argon, 19-K-Potassium, 20-Ca-Calcium