History of Psychology
What is Structuralism?
Focuses on the basic elements of consciousness broken down into objective sensations and subjective feelings.
What are the three major career fields of psychology?
Clinical, developmental, experimental
What is the biological perspective?
Biological processes influence behavior and mental processes
What is Psychology?
The scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.
Who was the founder of Structuralism?
Wilhelm Wundt
What is Reinforcement?
People and animals that are reinforced, or rewarded, for a certain action are more likely to perform that action again.
What is experimental psychology?
a field of psychology that uses scientific methods to study human and animal behavior
What is the evolutionary perspective?
That behavior patterns are learned and gained by the experiences and adaptations we go through in life
What are the two main goals of psychology?
To explain behavior and then control it
Who was the founder of Functionalism?
William James
What is Functionalism?
The study of how mental processes help organisms adapt to their environment.
What is developmental psychology?
the scientific study of how people change and develop throughout their lives
What is the cognitive perspective?
Emphasis that our thoughts play the biggest role in determining human behavior.
What is behavior?
Any action that people can observe or measure.
Who was the founder of Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
What is Behaviorism?
The idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment
What is the difference between a Psychologist and a Psychiatrist?
Psychiatrists can prescribe medicine while Psychologists cannot
What is the humanistic perspective?
Personal experiences are the most important aspect of determining human behavior
What are cognitive activities and give me an example?
Mental processes. They include dreams, perceptions, thoughts, and memories.
Who was the founder of Behaviorism?
John B. Watson
What is Psychoanalysis?
Emphasizes unconscious motives and internal conflicts dictate human behavior.
What is clinical psychology?
branch of psychology concerned with the assessment and treatment of mental illness and psychological problems.
What is the psychoanalytic perspective?
Stresses the influence of unconscious forces of the mind on human behavior.
What does MRI stand for?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Who was the founder of Reinforcement?
B.F. Skinner